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ReScience F3 > Chapter 3 Transportation > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Transportation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the need of a transport system in organisms

A

To obtain oxygen and nutrients needed for cell respiration and obtaining energy and for carbon dioxide and other waste products to be eliminated

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2
Q

Do simple organisms have a specialised transport system?

A

no

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3
Q

Do complex organisms have a specialised transport system?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Importance of the function of transport system in organisms

A

Eliminate toxic waste products from the cells in organisms and to produce energy through cellular respiration

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5
Q

What transport system do all vertebrates share the same

A

Blood circulatory system

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6
Q

Function of valves in the heart

A

Ensure blood flows in one direction only

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6
Q

What is the function of septum in the heart?

A

Prevents oxygenated blood from mixing with deoxygenated blood

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7
Q

What are the 3 human blood vessels?

A

Veins, arteries and capillaries

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8
Q

What is the structure of the Vein

A

Has valves, large lumen and thin walls

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9
Q

What is the structure of the Capillary

A

No valves, smallest lumen and thinnest walls

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10
Q

What is the structure of the Artery

A

No valves, small lumen and thick walls

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11
Q

Function of the vein

A

Transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the whole body

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12
Q

Function of the pulmonary vein

A

Transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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13
Q

Function of capillary

A

Allows the exchange of gases, food and waste products between the blood and body cells

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14
Q

Function of artery

A

Transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the whole body except the lungs

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15
Q

Function of pulmonary artery

A

Transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

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16
Q

Which of the 3 blood vessels has a pulse

A

Artery

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17
Q

What are the 2 types of blood circulatory system in humans and mammals?

A

Pulmonary Circulatory System
Systemic Circulatory System

18
Q

Describe the cycle of the pulmonary circulatory system

A

Pulmonary artery > Lungs > Pulmonary Vein . heartDe

19
Q

Describe the cycle of the systemic circulatory system

A

Artery > all parts of the body except the lungs > Vein > Heart

20
Q

How does the heart produce a “dub” sound?

A

Produced by the closure of the semilunar valves at the aorta and pulmonary artery when relaxation of the ventricle occurs. This as known as diastole

21
Q

How does the heart produce a “Lub” sound?

A

Produced by the closure of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves at the atria and the ventricles when contraction of the ventricles occur. This is known as systole

22
Q

What is used to read blood pressure?

A

Sphygmomanometer

23
Q

How is pulse produced?

A

Produced by the contraction and relaxation of the muscular artery wall

24
What factors influence pulse rate?
Age, gender, body health
25
Why is blood a mixture?
Because it can be separated into 2 componenets
26
How is blood separated?
Using the centrifugal method with a centrifuge
27
What are the components of blood?
45% RBC, 1% WBC and platelets and 55% blood plasma
28
What is blood plasma made up of?
90% water and 10% dissolved substances including nutrients, C02, Enzymes and hormones
29
What are the 4 main blood groups?
A, B, AB and O
30
What happens if a person is given the wrong type of blood?
It can cause coagulation of blood to occur and cause death
31
Which blood is a universal donor?
Type O
32
Which blood is a universal recipient?
Type AB
33
What is blood donation used for?
Blood donation is required to treat patients with leukaemia, haemophilia
34
What is transpiration?
A process of water loss in the form of water vapour from the surface of leaves to the air through evaporation
35
How do plants reduce water loss during transpiration?
Secrete a waxy cuticle
36
Other than transpiration, how do plants lose water?
Exudation/Guttation
37
What is exudation?
Process of water loss from plants in liquid through hydathodes
38
When does guttation occur?
At night or when air humidity is high
39
What factors affect the rate of transpiration?
Temperature, Light intensity, Air Humidity and movement of air
40
Function of xylem
Transports water and dissolved mineral salts from the roots of the leaves through the stem to carry out photosynthesis
41
Function of phloem
Transport sucrose produced by leaves during photosynthesis to other parts of the plants
42
Where are the phloem and xylem found?
In the vascular bundle

ReScience F3 (10 decks)

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