Chapter 6- General Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
Zygomatic bones
Also known as malar bones or cheekbones; bones that form the prominence of the cheeks; the cheekbones.
Nasal bone
Bones that form the bridge of the bone
Turbinal
Thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression.
Palatine
Two bones that form the hard palate of the mouth
Maxillary bones
Form the upper jaw
Vomer bone
Flat, thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum
Latissimus Dorsi
Large, flat, triangular muscle covering the lower back
Deltoid
Large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body.
Trapezius
Muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back; stabilizes the scapula and shrugs the shoulders.
Pectoralis major and minor
Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movements of the arm.
Serratus Anterior
Muscle of the chest that assists in breathing and in raising the arm
Abductor
Muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe away from the midline of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, abductors separate the fingers.
Adductor
Muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity. In the hand, adductors draw the fingers together.
Metabolism
- Chemical process taking place in living organisms whereby the cells are nourished and carry out their activities.
- The process of changing food into forms of the body can use as energy. Consists of two parts: anabolism and catabolism.
Lymph
Clear, yellowish fluid that circulates in the lymph spaces (lymphatic) of the body; carries waste and impurities away from the cells.
Joint
Connection of two or more bones of the skeleton
Nerves
Whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue, through which impulses are transmitted.
Reflex
Automatic reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord. A responsive impulse is sent along a motor neuron to a muscle, causing a reaction. They do not have to be learned, they are automatic.
Heart
Muscular cone-shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system.
Systematic circulation
Circulation of blood from the heart throughout the body and back again to the heart.
Pulmonary circulation
Sends the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified, then back to the heart again.
Endocrine glands
Also known as ductless glands; release secretions called hormones directly into the bloodstream which in turn influence the welfare of the entire body.
Exocrine glands
Also known as ductless glands glands; produce a substance that travels through a small, tube-like ducts. Sweat and oil glands of the skin belong to this group.
Defecation
Elimination of feces from the body
Ingestion
Eating or taking food into the body
Digestion
Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means.
Zygomatic nerve
Nerve that affects the skin of the temple, side of the forehead, and upper part of the cheek.
Zygomaticus major and minor
Muscles on both sides of the face that extend from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth.
These muscles elevate the lip, pull the mouth upward and backward, as when you are laughing or smiling.
Nasal nerve
Nerve that affects the point and lower sides of the nose
Maxillary nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the upper part of the face
