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Management Information Systems > CHAPTER 6 FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES INFORMATION MANAGEMENT > Flashcards

CHAPTER 6 FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Flashcards

1
Q

A grouping of characters into a word, a group of
words, or a complete number

A

field

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2
Q

group of related fields, such as the student’s name, the course taken, the date, and the grade

A

record

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3
Q

a group of records of the same type.

A

file

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4
Q

is a person, place, thing, or event on which we store and maintain information.

A

entity

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5
Q

characteristic or quality describing a particular entity

A

attribute

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6
Q

occurs when different groups in an organization independently collect the same piece of data and store it independently of each other.

A

Data redundancy

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7
Q

where the same attribute may have different values.

A

data inconsistency

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8
Q

refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the
specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.

A

Program-data dependence

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9
Q

is software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs.

A

database management system (DBMS)

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10
Q

A group of related files also it is a collection of data organized to serve many applications efficiently by centralizing the data and controlling redundant data.

A

database

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11
Q

Relational databases represent data as two-dimensional tables (called relations). Tables may be referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes.

A

relational DBMS

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12
Q

The actual information about a single supplier that resides in a table is called a row. Rows are commonly referred to as records, or in very technical terms, as tuples.

A

tuples

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13
Q

The field in the table that uniquely identifies each record so that the record can be retrieved, updated, or sorted on

A

key field

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14
Q

Each table in a relational database has one field that is
designated as its primary key. This key field is the unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table and this primary key cannot be duplicated.

A

primary key

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15
Q

is essentially a lookup field to look up data about the supplier of a specific part.

A

foreign key

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16
Q

stores the data and procedures that act on those
data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared.

A

object-oriented DBMS

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16
Q

capability to specify the structure of the content
of the database.

A

data definition

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16
Q

is an automated or manual file that stores definitions of data elements and their characteristics.

A

data dictionary

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17
Q

used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database.

A

data manipulation language

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18
Q

The most prominent data manipulation language today

A

Structured Query Language, or SQL

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19
Q

The process of creating small, stable, yet flexible and
adaptive data structures from complex groups of data

A

normalization.

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20
Q

rules to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent

A

referential integrity

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21
Q

Database designers document their data model using
diagrams that illustrates the relationship between the entities

A

entity-relationship diagram

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22
Q

is a database that stores current and historical data of
potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.

A

data warehouse

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23
Q

is a subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of the organization’s data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users.

A

data mart

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24
Q

supports multidimensional data analysis, enabling users to
view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions.

A

online analytical processing (OLAP)

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25
Q

provides insights into corporate data that cannot be obtained with OLAP by finding hidden patterns and relationships in large databases and inferring rules from them to predict future behavior.

A

Data mining

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26
Q

types of information obtainable from data mining

A

Associations:are occurrences linked to a single event.
sequences: events are linked over time.
Classification: recognizes patterns that describe the group to which an item belongs by examining existing items that have been classified and by inferring a set of rules.
Clustering: works in a manner similar to classification when no groups have yet been defined.
forecasting:It uses a series of existing values to forecast what other values will be.

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27
Q

use data mining techniques, historical data, and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events, such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product.

A

Predictive analytics

28
Q

used with unstructured data, to help businesses analyze these such data

A

Text mining

29
Q

The discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the World Wide Web

A

Web mining

30
Q

In a client/server environment, the DBMS resides on a
dedicated computer

A

database server

31
Q

specifies the organization’s rules for sharing,
disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventorying information.

A

information policy

32
Q

is responsible for the specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as an organizational
resource

A

Data administration

32
Q

deals with the policies and processes for managing the availability, usability, integrity, and security of the data employed in an enterprise, with special emphasis on promoting privacy, security, data quality, and compliance with government regulations.

A

data governance

33
Q

responsible for defining and organizing the structure and content of the database, and maintaining the database.

A

database administration

34
Q

a structured survey of the accuracy and level of
completeness of the data in an information system. Data quality audits can be performed by surveying entire data files, surveying samples from data files, or surveying end users for their perceptions of data quality.

A

data quality audit

35
Q

consists of activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant.

A

Data cleansing or data scrubbing

36
Q

Generalized category representing person, place, thing on which we store & maintain info

A

Entity

36
Q

-Specific characteristics of each entity
-Supplier name, address
-Part description, unit price, supplier

A

Attributes

36
Q

-Organize data into 2-dimenstional tables w/ columns & rows
-Cone table
-Rows store data for separate records

A

Relational database

36
Q

Collection of related files containing records on people, places or things

A

Database

37
Q

Uniquely identifies each record

A

Key Field

37
Q

Store data representing an attribute

A

Fields

38
Q

-One field in each table
-Cannot be duplicated
-Provides unique identifier for all info in any row

A

Primary Key

39
Q

-Specific type of software for creating, storing, organizing & accessing data from a database
-Separates the logical & physical views of data

A

Database Management System (DBMS)

39
Q

How data are actually structured & organized
-Microsoft Access
-DB2
-Oracle Database

A

Physical View

40
Q

Data manipulation lanuage
- SQL
Report generation

A

Querying & reporting

40
Q

How end users view data

A

Logical View

41
Q

Data definition capabilities

A

Specify structure of content of database

41
Q

Capabilities of DBMS

A

-Data definition
-Data dictionary
-Querying & reporting

42
Q

Automated or manual file storing definitions of data elements and their charateristics

A

Data dictionary

43
Q

Operations of relational DBMS

A

-Select
-Join
-Project

44
Q

Creates a subset of all records meeting stated criteria

A

Select

45
Q

Combines relational tables to present the server with more information than is available from individual tables

A

Join

46
Q

-Creates a subset consisting of columns in a table
-Permits user to create new tables containing only desired info

A

Project

47
Q

A special-purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a relational database management system…

A

Structured Query Language (SQL)

48
Q

-Stores data & procedures that act on those data as object to be retrieved and shared
-Used to manage multimedia components
-Relatively slow compared to relational DBMS

A

Object oriented database

49
Q

-Database that stores current & historical data that may be of interest to decision makers
-Standardizes data from many systems
-Data can be accessed but not altered

A

Data warehouse

50
Q

Subset of warehouses, highly focused and isolated for a specific population of users

A

Data mart

51
Q

Tools for consolidating & providing access to large amounts of data to improve decision making

A

Business Intelligence

52
Q

-supports multidimensional analysis
-allows users to view the same data in different ways
-obtain online answers to questions in a rapid time

A

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

53
Q

-Finds hidden patterns & relationships in large databases & infers rules from them to predict future behavior

A

Data Mining

54
Q

Info obtained from data mining

A

-Associations
-Sequences
-Classifications
-Clustering
-Forecasting

55
Q

Design & Mgmt group responsible for defining & organizing the structure & content of the database, and maintaining the database

A

Database administration

55
Q

-Uses mining techniques, historical data & assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product

A

Predictive analysis

56
Q

States organization’s rules for organizing, managing, storing & sharing info

A

Information policy

57
Q

Responsible for specific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as a resource

A

Data administration

58
Q

Major obstacle to successful customer reltionship

A

Poor data quality

59
Q

Structured survey of the accuracy and completeness of data

A

Data quality audit

60
Q

Detects & corrects incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted & redundant data

A

Data cleansing

Management Information Systems (8 decks)

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