CHAPTER 1 INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL BUSINESS TODAY Flashcards
Optimal organizational performance is achieved by jointly optimizing both the social and technical systems used in production. Focuses not only on the technology, but how it will be used - technical and behavioral.
Sociotechnical view
The process by which raw information is systematically acquired and transformed to add value to add to business decisions and efficient processes
Information Value Chain
Provides the foundation, or platform, on which a firm can build its IT systems
Information Technology Infrastructure
Uses standards for how data is stored and displayed on a page
World Wide Web
A private network that permits outside access to authorized users
Extranet
A private network
Intranet
Global network of networks that uses universal standards
Internet
Two or more computers to share data or resources
Network
Links hardware and transfers data from one physical location to another
Networking and Telecommunication Technology
The software that governs the organization of data on physical storage media
Data Management Theory
A fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things that has been accepted by members of the group
Culture
Specialized tasks performed by business organizations - sales & marketing, manufacture & production, finance & accounting, and human resources
Business Functions
Produce the product or deliver the service
Production (service) worker
Assist with paperwork and administration
Data workers
Design products/services and create new knowledge for the firm
Knowledge Workers
Responsible for monitoring the daily activities of the business
Operational Management
Carries out programs and plans of senior management
Middle management
Makes long-range strategic decisions about products/services and ensures the financial performance of the firm
Senior Management
The field studying the behavioral and technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by the people in the organization
Management Information Systems
Knowledge of information technology, but not necessarily the management and organization of the IT systems
Computer literacy
A broad understanding of information systems - the management, organization, and information technology dimensions
Information Systems Literacy
Output returned to be used to improve or correct the input stage
Feedback
Transfers processed information to the people that will use it
Output
Converting raw input data into a meaningful form
Processing
Capture or collect raw data from within the organization or from the external environment
Input
Streams of raw facts representing events prior to organization
Data
Data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and usable to humans
Information
A set of interrelated components that collect/retrieve, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordination, and control in an organization
Information Systems
All of the hardware and software needed to achieve business objectives
Information technology
Strategic Business Objectives of Information Systems
Operational Excellence
New Products, Services, and Business Models
Customer and Supplier Intimacy
Improved Decision Making
Competitive Advantage
Survival
How a company produces, delivers, and sells a [product or service to create wealth
Business model
Work takes place physically wherever in the world it is best accomplished
Space shifting
Business conducted continuously, 24/7
Time shifting
The set of logically related tasks and behaviors that are developed to produce specific business results, how they are organized and coordinated.
Business processes
A firm in which nearly all of the organization;s significant business relationships (customers, suppliers, employees) are digitally enabled and mediated. Core business processes and Key Corporate Assets are accomplished on digital networks that may span multiple organizations
Digital firm
