Chapter 6: Facility Design & Construction Exam 2 Flashcards
Factors Determining Facility Design
-Laws, Regulations, Building Codes
-Operational or Business Philosophy
-Architectural Vision
-Available Resources & Funds
-Equipment, Services, & Program Offerings
Two Types of Facilities
-Fitness-Only Facilities
-Multipurpose Facilities
Fitness-Only Facilities
-Space for specifically fitness-related activities
-Various subcategories (cardio, free-weight, machines, group exercise, etc.)
Examples of Fitness-Only Facilities
-Group Exercise Studios
-Free Weight Gyms
-Functional Training Gyms
-Hotel/Apartment Fitness Centers
-Corporate Fitness Centers
What do multipurpose facilities offer?
Both Fitness & Recreational spaces
What are examples that could be included in a multipurpose facility design?
-Fitness-Only Areas
-Sport Courts
-Running Tracks
-Pools
Gymnasium
-Rock Climbing Walls
-Outdoor Recreational Areas
ACSM Standards for Design/Construction
-Must abide by federal, state, and local laws related to individuals with disabilities (Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA))
-Comply with federal, state, and local building codes
-Provide adequate clearance around continuous-motion exercise equipment
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990
-Established requirements for making facilities accessible by all individuals
-Failure to comply often results in lawsuits (civil) & fines (criminal)
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Elevation Changes
-Ramp or lift needed for any change 0.5 inches or greater
-12-inch slope for every 1 inch of change
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Passageway Width
-Doors, entryways, & exits = 36 inches wide
-Hallways = 60 inches wide
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Height of Wall Mounted Items
Lights, water fountains, fire extinguishers, & AEDs should be reachable from wheelchair
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Floor Space
Clearance around equipment must be a minimum of 30x48 in.
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Locker Room/Restrooms
-Doors = 60 inches wide to provide turning space
-Benches = at least 42 inches long
-Benches must have back support & floor space to approach
-Coats/hooks must be reachable
-At least 5% of lockers must be accessible
Design Considerations for Individuals with Disabilities: Pools
At least one accessible means of entry (lifts, ramps, transfer walls, stairs)
What are the two types of compliance with building codes?
-Federal
-State/Local
All _______ must have certain amount of clearance spaces at sides & back
continuous-motion equipment
What Does Equipment Clearance Provide?
-Provides ability to move around equipment when in use
-Safety for those next to equipment when in use
What is the Minimum Required Equipment Clearance?
-Sides = 1.6ft
-Back = 3.3ft
Is there a standard for how much is needed per person in a facility space?
No
2017 IHRSA Report
Facilities generally ranged from about 9-15 sq ft per person
Industry Practice for Equipment Space in a Facility Space
About 40-60 sq ft per piece of equipment
How long should a pathway be?
At least 36in. wide
What should exits be?
Visible & accessible from circulation areas
Things to Avoid in walkways…
-Blind-Corners
-Doors that open into circulation area
-Moveable equipment
Operational Spaces
-Areas where non-fitness activities occur
-Includes laundry room, pool/spa equipment storage, maintenance rooms, & mechanical/electrical rooms
Traditional Locker Rooms
-Open changing areas
-Private showers & toilets
-Sinks for handwashing & grooming
What metals are best for exposure to moisture?
-Aluminum
-Stainless Steel
-Galvanized Steel
-Copper
-Brass
Poor air circulation can lead to…
-Heat Stress
-Poor air quality
-Airborne pathogens that lead to respiratory disorders or illness
-Mold or mildew
Is hiring a licensed mechanical engineer or HVAC specialist for design recommended?
Yes
Air Circulation Considerations: Relative Humidity
-50% or lower is desired
-Below 60% is acceptable
Air Circulation Considerations: Temperature
Maintain 68-72ºF in all physical activity areas
Air Circulation Considerations: Wet Areas (pools, showers, steam rooms)
-Have negative exhaust to help with moisture control
-More air expelled from area than supplied
Air Circulation Considerations: Cleaning & Maintenance
-Regular cleaning/replacement of filters according to manufacturer’s guidelines
-Professional should verify system operates properly annually
High-Illumination Areas
Cardio & Resistance areas, functional training areas, sport courts, gymnasiums, pools, etc.
Low-Illumination Areas
Yoga studio, group exercise studio, massage rooms, recovery rooms, etc.
Lighting Recommendations
-General recommendation for most spaces = 50 foot-candles (Lumens)
-Racquet courts & Gymnasiums = 75 foot-candles (Lumens)
Types of Lighting: Natural
Sunlight that comes from outside to inside building through windows
Types of Lighting: Indirect
Light source that bounces off walls, floors, or ceiling before hitting area
Types of Lighting: Direct
-Light source directly to area
-Often produces glare
Adjustable Light Sources are Useful. True or False
True
Recommendations for Decibel Levels (Noise)
-Max level is 90 decibels
-Consistent range of 30-60 decibels is preferred
What area often generate the highest decibel levels in a facility?
Group Exercise Studios but still should be below 90 decibels
Appropriate Floor Surfaces that Protect Users During Use & Minimize Risk for Fall-related Injuries
-Proper absorption of forces
-Slip resistance
Who developed flooring standards for North America in 2009?
American Society for Testing & Materials (ASTM) International
4 Attributes of Flooring that are Recommended to be Considered
- Shock Absorption
- Vertical Deformation
- Ball Bounce
- Sliding Effect
Flooring in wet areas should be…
-Nonporous, cleanable, & sanitary
-Provide appropriate surface friction to avoid or minimize slipping
What are common materials utilized for flooring in wet areas?
-Ceramic or porcelain tiles
-Textured concrete
Areas with Depth & Distance Markings
-Pool
-Sports Courts & Gymnasiums
-Walking & Jogging Tracks
