Chapter 6: Ethnicity and Race

Question 1

Ethnicity

Answer 1

Identification with an ethnic group

Question 2

Ethnic groups

Answer 2

Members are related by shared beliefs, values, habits, customs, and norms

Question 3

Status

Answer 3

Positions that people occupy in society

Question 4

Ascribed Status

Answer 4

Little or no choice about occupying the status given
ex. minorities being considered less than in society

Question 5

Achieved Status

Answer 5

Achieved through choices, actions, efforts, talents, or accomplishments, may be positive or negative

Question 6

Racial Classification

Answer 6

Placement into discrete categories based on common ancestry
(rejected)

Question 7

Phenotypic Traits

Answer 7

An organism’s evident traits.
(anatomy and physiology)

Question 8

Melanin

Answer 8

A natural sunscreen produces by skin cells responsible for pigmentation

Question 9

William Loomis~

Answer 9

Explains the role of UV radiation in stimulating vitamin D

Question 10

Jablonski and Chaplin~

Answer 10

Looked at geographic distribution of skin color and the effects of UV on folate

Question 11

Rule of Descent

Answer 11

Assigns social identity on the basis of ancestry

Question 12

Hypodescent

Answer 12

Automatically places children of mixed marriages in the group of their minority parent

Question 13

Nations

Answer 13

Society sharing a common language, religion, history, territory, ancestry, and kinship

Question 14

States

Answer 14

Stratified society with formal, central government

Question 15

Nation-state

Answer 15

Autonomous political entity

Question 16

Assimilation

Answer 16

When a minority adopts the patterns and norms of the host culture

Question 17

Plural Societies

Answer 17

Societies with economically interdependent ethnic groups

Question 18

Frederik Barth~

Answer 18

Defined a Plural society as a society combining ethnic contrasts.
The ethnic boundaries are most stable and enduring when groups occupy different ecological niches

Question 19

Multiculturalism

Answer 19

View of cultural diversity as valuable and worth maintaining in its own right

Question 20

Prejudice

Answer 20

The devaluing of a group because of its assumed behavior, values, capabilities, or attributes

Question 21

Stereotyping

Answer 21

Fixed ideas about what the members of a group are like

Question 22

Discrimination

Answer 22

Policies and practices that harm a group and its members.
De facto - Practiced but not legally sanctioned
De jure - Part of the law

Question 23

Genocide

Answer 23

Deliberate elimination of a group

Question 24

Forced Assimilation

Answer 24

Dominant group forces an ethnic group to adopt the dominant culture

Question 25

Ethnocide

Answer 25

Destruction of cultures of certain ethnic groups

Question 26

Ethnic Expulstion

Answer 26

Removing groups who are culturally different from a country

Question 27

Refugees

Answer 27

People who are forced or who have chosen to a flee a country

Question 28

Cultural Colonialism

Answer 28

Internal domination by one group and its culture and ideology over others