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General and Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist > Chapter 6 DENT 1060 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 DENT 1060 Flashcards

Genetics

1
Q 
The short and long arms of each chromosome are joined by a constriction called the:
A. Equatorial plate
B. Chiasmata
C. Chromatid
D. Centromere
A

D. Centromere

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2
Q 
The Lyon hypothesis is demonstrated by:
A. Autosomal-dominant traits
B. Autosomal-recessive traits
C. X-linked dominant traits
D. X-linked recessive traits
A

D. X-linked recessive traits

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3
Q

Trisomy is defined as:
A. The presence of two extra X chromosomes in a male
B. Three extra chromosomes
C. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome
D. One extra chromosome in each pair

A

C. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome

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4
Q 
The process by which a primitive germ cell becomes a gamete is called:
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Haploid
D. S phase
A

B. Meiosis

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5
Q

Barr bodies are seen at the:
A. Nuclear periphery of all human cells
B. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all human cells
C. Nuclear periphery of cells in women
D. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all cells from women

A

C. Nuclear periphery of cells in women

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6
Q 
The karyotype of a patient with Turner syndrome shows:
A. 44 autosomes and XYY
B. 43 autosomes and XYY
C. 44 autosomes and XXY
D. 44 autosomes and XO
A

D. 44 autosomes and XO

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7
Q

Hypothetically, an autosomal-dominant trait would be clinically present in:
A. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent
B. 75% of the offspring of an affected parent
C. 25% of the offspring of an affected parent
D. Only in males, never in female offspring

A

A. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent

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8
Q

Patients with an X-linked hereditary condition:
A. Are always men
B. Are generally affected more severely if they are men
C. Are always women
D. Have cells with many Barr bodies

A

B. Are generally affected more severely if they are men

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9
Q

Which one of the following is associated with cyclic neutropenia?
A. Premature loss of primary teeth
B. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils
C. Exfoliating teeth because of short roots
D. Chipping away of enamel

A

B. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils

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10
Q

In all inherited varieties of gingival fibromatosis, the gingival enlargement is characterized by a marked:
A. Hyperplasia of the covering epithelium
B. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltrate
C. Collagenization of the connective tissue
D. Alveolar bone hypertrophy

A

C. Collagenization of the connective tissue

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11
Q 
A 14-year-old boy is seen in consultation because of bilateral mandibular swelling. Radiographs show a bilateral multilocular lesion in the ascending mandibular rami. The mother of this patient has similar findings. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Cherubism
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
D. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome
A

A. Cherubism

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12
Q 
A 9-year-old boy exhibits markedly swollen red and bleeding gingiva. In addition, he has tooth mobility, and the intraoral radiographs show marked alveolar bone atrophy with vertical periodontal pockets. Which of the following will be found in this child if he were to have Papillon-Lefevre syndrome?
A. Blue sclerae
B. Lack of anterior vestibular sulcus
C. Diminished sweating
D. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis
A

D. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis

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13
Q 
Which of the following is the most serious component of Gardner syndrome?
A. Mandibular odontomas
B. Multiple osteomas
C. Teeth hypercementosis
D. Intestinal polyposis
A

D. Intestinal polyposis

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14
Q 
A 19-year-old woman is diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia. She has absent clavicles and a mushroom-shaped skull. Which of the following conditions is she also most likely to have?
A. Taurodontism
B. Supernumerary teeth
C. Pegged lateral incisors
D. Large pulp chambers
A

B. Supernumerary teeth

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15
Q

Odontogenic keratocysts are a clinical component of:
A. MEN 2B syndrome
B. Neurofibromatosis of von Recklinghausen
C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
D. Cherubism

A

C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

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16
Q

Two characteristic clinical components of mandibulofacial dysostosis are:
A. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness
B. Lack of clavicles and delayed teeth eruption
C. Cleft lip and fistulas of lower lip
D. Hypodontia and dysplastic nails

A

A. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness

17
Q

Torus mandibularis and torus palatinus are:
A. Inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait
B. More prevalent in males
C. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait
D. Sporadic traits

A

C. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait

18
Q 
The major concern for a dental hygienist when treating a patient with Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber syndrome should be:
A. Gingival hemorrhage
B. Spontaneous ulcerations
C. Severe infections
D. Epithelial desquamation
A

A. Gingival hemorrhage

19
Q 
The cause of all forms of labial and palatal clefting is considered to be:
A. Autosomal dominant
B. Autosomal recessive
C. Multifactorial
D. Environmental
A

C. Multifactorial

20
Q

Which of the following is TRUE for von Recklinghausen disease?
A. It is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait
B. Patients have multiple fibromatoses
C. Patients experience a generalized whitening of the oral mucosa
D. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas

A

D. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas

21
Q 
The most serious clinical manifestation of the MEN 2B syndrome is considered to be:
A. Carcinoma of the colon
B. Carcinoma of the thyroid gland
C. Pheochromocytoma
D. Basal cell carcinomas
A

B. Carcinoma of the thyroid gland

22
Q 
In dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, teeth have:
A. Hard, dense dentin
B. Dilacerated roots
C. Markedly brittle enamel
D. Roots that are short and thin
A

D. Roots that are short and thin

23
Q 
Patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia characteristically have:
A. Hypodontia
B. Multiple tongue nodules
C. Excessive amounts of hair
D. Blue sclerae
A

A. Hypodontia

24
Q

Patients with hypophosphatasia characteristically have:
A. Obliterated pulp chambers
B. Marked gingival keratinization
C. Increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels
D. Absence of root cementum

A

D. Absence of root cementum

25
Q 
Taurodontic teeth:
A. Are supernumerary
B. Are pyramidal in shape
C. Have long roots
D. Have thistle-shaped pulp chambers
A

B. Are pyramidal in shape

26
Q

The characteristic finding in permanent teeth affected with coronal dentin dysplasia is:
A. Crowns with amber color
B. Markedly short roots
C. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers on radiographs
D. Large, square pulp chambers

A

C. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers on radiographs

27
Q

Teeth in snowcapped amelogenesis imperfecta have:
A. White hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds
B. Obliterated pulp chambers
C. Short, blunted roots
D. A thin, brown enamel

A

A. White hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds

28
Q

The order of the four stages of mitosis is:
A. Prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
B. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
C. Metaphase, prophase, telophase, anaphase
D. Anaphase, metaphase, telophase, prophase

A

B. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

29
Q 
The so-called "enamel agenesis" is one of which type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
A. Hypoplastic
B. Hypocalcified
C. Hypomaturation
D. Hypoplastic-hypomaturation
A

A. Hypoplastic

30
Q 
The most frequent site of hemorrhage in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is the
A. Gingiva
B. Nasal mucosa
C. Lip mucosa
D. Eyelids
A

B. Nasal mucosa

31
Q 
The Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is inherited according to a (an)
A. Autosomal dominant pattern
B. Autosomal recessive pattern
C. X-linked dominant pattern
D. X-linked recessive pattern
A

B. Autosomal recessive pattern

32
Q 
The most frequently exfoliated teeth in patients with hypophosphatasia are the
A. Maxillary primary incisors
B. Maxillary primary molars
C. Mandibular primary incisors
D. Mandibular permanent incisors
A

C. Mandibular primary incisors

33
Q

Which one of the following statements is TRUE when comparing cyclic neutropenia and Kostmann syndrome?
A. The oral lesions in cyclic neutropenia are more severe.
B. Both conditions are inherited as autosomal-dominant.
C. Both conditions are associated with capillary fragility.
D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

A

D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

34
Q

Which of the following is a component of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?
A. Multiple jaw cysts
B. Multiple supernumerary teeth
C. Multiple pigmented macules in the lower lip
D. Multiple nodules on the tip of the tongue

A

C. Multiple pigmented macules in the lower lip

35
Q

Radiographs of a patient with radicular dentin dysplasia show
A. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance
B. Taurodontic teeth
C. Internal resorption of teeth
D. Large pulp chambers with long pulp horns

A

A. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance

General and Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist (10 decks)

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