Chapter 6: Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbrith

Question 1

an enzyme secreted by the sperm that allows one sperm to penetrate the egg

Answer 1

Hyaluronidase

Question 2

a fertilized egg

Answer 2

zygote

Question 3

an organ formed on the wall of the uterus through which the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients and gets rid of waste products

Answer 3

placenta

Question 4

a hormone secreted by the placenta; it is the hormone detected in pregnancy tests

Answer 4

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 5

the tube that connects the fetus to the placenta

Answer 5

umbilical cord

Question 6

the watery fluid surrounding a developing fetus in the uterus

Answer 6

amniotic fluid

Question 7

delivery of a dead fetus, especially after the 28th week of gestation

Answer 7

stillbirth

Question 8

excessive fluid retention and swelling

Answer 8

edema

Question 9

a watery substance that is secreted from the breasts at the end of pregnancy and during the first few days after delivery

Answer 9

colostrum

Question 10

contractions of the uterus during pregnancy that are not part of actual labor

Answer 10

Braxton-Hicks contractions

Question 11

a substance that produces defects in a fetus

Answer 11

Teratogen

Question 12

serious growth deficiency and malformations in the child of a mother who abuses alcohol during pregnancy

Answer 12

Fetal Alcohol Sydrome (FAS)

Question 13

a thinning out of the cervix during labor

Answer 13

effacement

Question 14

an opening up of the cervix during labor; also called dilatation

Answer 14

dilation

Question 15

the beginning of labor, during which there are regular contractions of the uterus; the stage lasts until the cervix is dilated 8 centimeters (3 in)

Answer 15

first-stage labor

Question 16

the difficult part of labor at the end of the first stage, during which the cervix dilates from 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)

Answer 16

transition

Question 17

the stage during which the baby moves out through the vagina and is delivered

Answer 17

second-stage labor

Question 18

an incision made in the skin just behind the vagina, allowing the baby to be delivered more easily

Answer 18

episiotomy

Question 19

the stage during which the afterbirth is expelled

Answer 19

third-stage labor

Question 20

a method of delivering a baby surgically, by an incision in the abdomen

Answer 20

cesarean section (C-section)

Question 21

a method of “prepared” childbirth involving relaxation and controlled breathing

Answer 21

Lamaze method

Question 22

a woman having her first baby

Answer 22

Primipara

Question 23

mild to moderate depression in women following the birth of a baby

Answer 23

postpartum depression

Question 24

a pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants somewhere other than the uterus

Answer 24

ectopic pregnancy

Question 25

false pregnancy, in which the woman displays the signs of pregnancy but is not actually pregnant

Answer 25

pseudocyesis

Question 26

a serious disease of pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, severe edema, and proteinuria

Answer 26

Preeclampsia

Question 27

a test done to determine whether a fetus has birth defects; done by inserting a fine tube into the woman’s abdomen in order to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid

Answer 27

Amniocentesis

Question 28

a technique for prenatal diagnosis of birth defects, involving taking a sample of cells from the chorionic villus and analyzing them

Answer 28

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Question 29

the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable, as a result of natural causes (not medical intervention)

Answer 29

miscarriage

Question 30

a woman’s inability to conceive and give birth to a living child, or a man’s inability to impregnate a woman

Answer 30

infertility

Question 31

precedure in which sperm are placed into the vagina by means other than sexual intercourse

Answer 31

artificial insemination

Question 32

a procedure in which an embryo is transferred from the uterus of one woman into the uterus of another

Answer 32

embryo transfer

Question 33

a procedure in which an egg is fertilized by sperm in a laboratory dish

Answer 33

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Question 34

gamete intrafallopian transfer, a procedure in which sperm and eggs are collected and then inserted together into the fallopian tube

Answer 34

GIFT