Chapter 6 - Civil war

Question 1

When did the Civil War start?

Answer 1

Summer 1918

Question 2

What were the 2 sides fighting in the war?

Answer 2

Reds V Whites

Question 3

Which Russians joined the Whites?

Answer 3

. Bourgeoisie
. Old Tsarists
. Russians that hated the treaty of Brest-Litovsk
. Nation minorities - Georgians

Question 4

When was the first stage of the civil war and what happened in it?

Answer 4

. 1918 - 20
. Bolsheviks mainly had control in urban areas such as Petrograd and Moscow
. They were attacked from many areas by the Whites

Question 5

Where was the fighting mainly seen?

Answer 5

East + south of Russia

Question 6

What happened in the Don Region?

Answer 6

Denikin attacked the Don region, however he was quickly defeated by the Bolsheviks - summer 1918

Question 7

What did Denikin do in the summer of 1919?

Answer 7

Began another offensive which was close to Moscow, however Trotsky forced him towards Crimea

Question 8

What happened to Yudenich’s army?

Answer 8

Yudenich’s army in the north was small, and was stopped by the Reds before reaching Petrograd

Question 9

What happened to Kolchak?

Answer 9

He was in retreat and was captured and shot in 1920

Question 10

Who replaced Denikin in Crimea?

Answer 10

Wrangel

Question 11

How many people died in the first stage of the civil war?

Answer 11

10 million

Question 12

When was the second stage of the civil war and what happened?

Answer 12

The Poles invaded in 1921 in Eastern Ukraine but were driven back by General Tukachevsky

Question 13

What did the treat of Riga mean?

Answer 13

Gave independence to Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia

Question 14

What position did Trotsky hold in the civil war?

Answer 14

. Leader of the Red Army
. He was a skilful organiser

Question 15

Why was Trotsky significant for the Red Army?

Answer 15

. He ensured they were well fed and armed
. Trotsky boosted the morale of the troops and other Bolsheviks

Question 16

Who did Trotsky add to the Red Army?

Answer 16

50,000 former Tsarist officers

Question 17

What was Trotsky’s policies with deserters?

Answer 17

The Cheka killed them

Question 18

What are the Reasons for the victory of the Reds?

Answer 18

Geography, Unity and Organisation, Leadership, Support

Question 19

Why was geography important for the Reds victory?

Answer 19

The Bolsheviks were in urban areas such as Petrograd and Moscow, and controlled most of the population

Question 20

Why were unity and organisation important for the Reds victory?

Answer 20

. The Reds all had the same objective, which was to solidify a one-party state and were all led by Trotsky

. The White Army had several generals and fought for different reasons and aims

Question 21

Why was leadership important for the Reds victory?

Answer 21

. The Red Army was well disciplined by Trotsky

. The Whites had few competent commanders and different views

Question 22

Why was support important for the Reds victory?

Answer 22

Red land policies were more popular than the Whites’ association with traditional tsarist policies

Question 23

How may Bolsheviks party members fought in the civil war?

Answer 23

. Over 1/2 million