Chapter 8 - Foreign relations and the attitudes of foreign powers Flashcards
Between what years were there foreign intervention in the civil war?
1918-20
What were the reasons for foreign intervention?
. Keep Russia in WW1
. Retain armaments and arms that had been sent to Russia
. Allies had divisions and muddled thinking
When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
March 1918
What was one problem faced by the Allies?
. They had little accurate or up-to date knowledge of what was happening
. Out of touch with current events
What is the Comintern?
International socialist organisation promoting Marxism and spreading ‘proletariat revolution’ to the world
When was the First Founding Congress of the Comintern?
March 1919
How many delegates went to the first congress and what countries were they from?
. 50 delegates
. Countries from across Europe
. USA
. Australia
. Japan
What did Lenin’s ‘21 Conditions’ define?
. Relationships between communist parties and ‘Bourgeois-democratic’ socialist parties
When was the Spartacist uprising suppressed and where did it take place?
. January 1919
. Germany - Berlin
When were the Whites defeated?
. Early 1920
. Last remaining foreign troops left Russia in May 1920
What was a key aspect of the civil war for the Bolsheviks?
. Fighting against separatism and new national states
What countries was Russia fighting?
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (Baltic States) - north-west
Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan - south-east
When was the alliance between Poland and Ukraine made?
April 1920
What did the alliance lead to?
. Occupied Kiev in May 1920
. Red Army mounted a counter-attack
. Polish forces forced to retreat
What was the ‘Miracle of Vistula’?
. August 1920 - Red Army drove back Polish forces to the capital of Poland, Warsaw - under General Tukhachevsky
. Polish forces fought a last defence at the River Vistula and won - led by General Josef Pilsudski
