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Cognitive Psychology > Chapter 6 Chapter Summary > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Chapter Summary Flashcards

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1
Q

Division

A

Distinguishing between different types of memory

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2
Q

Interaction

A

How the different types of memory interact

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3
Q

Long-term memory

A

An “archive” of information about past experiences in our lives and knowledge we have learned

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4
Q

________ coordinates with ________ to help create our ongoing experience

A

LTM; working memory

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5
Q

The primacy effect that occurs in the serial position curve has been linked to

A

LTM

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6
Q

The recency effect that occurs in the serial position curve has been linked to

A

STM

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7
Q

Where can visual and auditory coding occur?

A

In both STM and LTM

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8
Q

Semantic coding in STM

A

Demonstrated by Wickens by demonstrating release from proactive interference

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9
Q

Semantic coding in LTM

A

Demonstrated by Sachs using a recognition memory procedure

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10
Q

What is the predominant type of coding in STM?

A

Auditory coding

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11
Q

What is the predominant type of coding in LTM?

A

Semantic coding

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12
Q

Are STM and LTM caused by the same or different mechanisms?

A

Different, independent mechanisms; have seen a double dissociation

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13
Q

What does the hippocampus do?

A

Important for forming new long-term memories; brain imaging has shown that the hippocampus is also involved in holding novel information over short delays

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14
Q

The defining property of the experience of episodic memory

A

Mental time-travel (self-knowing or remembering)

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15
Q

Does the experience of semantic memory involve mental time travel?

A

No

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16
Q

Evidence supporting idea that episodic and semantic memory involve different mechanisms

A
  • Double dissociation of episodic and semantic memory in patients with brain damage
  • Brain imaging, which indicated that overlapping but different areas are activated by episodic and semantic memories
17
Q

In what ways are episodic and semantic memories connected?

A
  • Knowledge (semantic memory) can influence the nature of experiences that become episodic memories
  • Autobiographical memories include both episodic and semantic components
18
Q

Personal semantic memories

A

Semantic memories that are associated with personal experiences

19
Q

Personal experiences can enhance the recall of…

A

Semantic information, except not in people who have lost their episodic memories due to brain damage

20
Q

The remember/know procedure is based on the idea that __________ is associated with episodic memory, and ___________ is associated with semantic memory

A

Recollection; familiarity

21
Q

Semanticization of remote memories

A

Over time, memories lose their episodic nature

22
Q

What is the proposal for another function of episodic memory?

A

To help anticipate future needs and guide future behavior, both of which can be important for survival

23
Q

Explicit memories

A

Memories we are aware of, such as episodic and semantic memories

24
Q

Implicit memory

A

Occurs when learning from experience is not accompanied by conscious remembering

25
Q

What are three events that involve implicit memory?

A

Procedural memory, priming, and classical conditioning

26
Q

Procedural memory

A

Skill memory; has been studied in patients with amnesia who are able to learn new skills, although they do not remember learning them

27
Q

Expert-induced amnesia

A

One outcome of the automatic character of procedural memories

28
Q

There is evidence of a connection between procedural memory and semantic memories related to…

A

Motor skills

29
Q

Priming

A

Occurs when the presentation of a stimulus affects a person’s response to the same or a related stimulus when it is presented later

30
Q

What is an example of real-life implicit memory?

A

The propaganda effect

31
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Occurs when a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits a response, so that the neutral stimulus then elicits the response

Cognitive Psychology (9 decks)

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