Chapter 6: Cell Communication

Question 1

Gap Junctions

Answer 1

In ANIMAL cells. Allow for chemical and electrical signaling between cells.
Ions and Small molecules can go through these

Question 2

Plasmodesmata

Answer 2

In PLANT cells. Tunnels of cytoplasm between cells.
Provide passageways across plasma membranes and cell wals for the movement of ions, amino acids, sugars, small proteins, and Micro RNA.

Question 3

Direct Contact

Answer 3

Occurs between animal cells.

Allows proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids of the plasma membranes to transmit info.

Question 4

Synaptic signaling

Answer 4

Occurs between junctions of nerve cells or between nerve and muscle cells.

Question 5

Neurotransmitters

Answer 5

Short-lived chemical signals, cross a very small space between nerve and muscle cells to stimulate or inhibit a nerve impulse or muscle contraction.

Question 6

Paracrine Signaling

Answer 6

Mechanism for local communication.
Cells secrete substances that affect only nearby cells because the substances are either readily absorbed by adjacent cells or rapidly broken down in the extracellular fluid.

Question 7

Endocrine Signaling

Answer 7

Provides a mechanism for distributing signals throughout a multicellular organism.

Question 8

Single Transduction Pathway

Answer 8

A sequence of molecular interactions that transforms an extracellular signal into specific cellular response.

Question 9

Signaling Molecules/Ligands

Answer 9

First Messangers

Small molecules that bind to larger receptor proteins of specific target cells.