Chapter 6: Body Composition

Question 1

The bodies relative amount of fat and fat free mass

Answer 1

Body Composition

Question 2

Fat incorporated in various tissues of the body that is critical for normal body functioning. Makes up about 3-5% of total body weight in men and 8-12% in women

Answer 2

Essential fat

Question 3

Tissue in which fat is stored; fat cells.

Answer 3

Adipose tissue

Question 4

Fat located under the skin.

Answer 4

Subcutaneous fat

Question 5

Fat located around major organs; also called intra-abdominal fat. More harmful than subcutaneous fat.

Answer 5

Visceral fat

Question 6

The percentage of total body weight that is composed of fat.

Answer 6

Percent body fat

Question 7

Body weight above the recommended range for good health; sometimes defined as a body mass index between 25 and 29.9, a measure of the proportion of weight to height.

Answer 7

Overweight

Question 8

Severely overweight, characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat; may also be defined in terms of some measure of total body weight or a body mass index of 30 or more.

Answer 8

Obesity

Question 9

your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use it as well as it should. a chronic (long-lasting) health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Your body breaks down most of the food you eat into sugar (glucose) and releases it into your bloodstream.

Answer 9

Diabetes

Question 10

A cluster of symptoms present in many people with overweight or obesity that greatly increases their risk of heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic illnesses; symptoms include insulin resistance, abnormal blood fats, abdominal fat deposition, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose. Also called insulin resistance syndrome.

Answer 10

Metabolic Syndrome

Question 11

A response of blood vessels to harmful substances, such as germs, damaged cells, or irritants; can lead to heart disease, cancer, allergies, and muscle degeneration.

Answer 11

Chronic inflammation

Question 12

A condition in which body cells do not respond normally to insulin and cannot easily absorb glucose from the bloodstream; excess glucose can build up in the blood.

Answer 12

Insulin Resistance

Question 13

Inability of a man to develop an erection firm enough for sex. ED is a risk factor of coronary artery disease.

Answer 13

Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

Question 14

Increased fat storage in the liver that can lead to liver inflammation and failure.

Answer 14

Fatty Liver

Question 15

Absent or infrequent menstruation, sometimes related to unhealthily low levels of body fat and excessive quantity or intensity of exercise.

Answer 15

Amenorrhea

Question 16

A measure of relative body weight correlating highly with more direct measures of body fat, calculated by dividing total body weight (in kilograms) by the square of body height (in meters).

Answer 16

Body mass index (BMI)

Question 17

Women less than 5 ft 0 in (153 centimeters) tall and men less than 5 ft 5 in (166 centimeters) tall.

Answer 17

Short stature

Question 18

A pressure-sensitive measuring instrument with two jaws that can be adjusted to determine thickness of the skinfold.

Answer 18

Caliper

Question 19

Describe your basic body build (endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph)

Answer 19

Somatotype

Question 20

Round and pear shape, wide hips and shoulders. Gain weight easily and will typically regain weight rapidly if they resume their normal lifestyle after losing weight. Often excel at weight lifting. Might find distance running painful

Answer 20

Endomorphs

Question 21

Lean and muscular, respond well to exercise. Wedged shaped bodies, broad shoulders, narrow hips, little body fat. gain fitness easily and excel at almost any physical sport or activity.

Answer 21

Mesomorphs

Question 22

Thin and linear, narrow hips and shoulders, little muscle fat. Light frame helps make them successful in activities such as dancing or running.

Answer 22

Ectomorphs