Chapter 6: Blood and the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Question 1

formed elements

Answer 1

Erythrocytes
Platelets
Leukocytes

Question 2

organs of the lymphatic system

Answer 2

Lymph nodesLymphatic vesselsThymus glandSpleenTonsils

Question 3

active immunity

Answer 3

Develops following direct exposure to a pathogen

Question 4

splenomegaly

Answer 4

an enlarged spleen

Question 5

anemia

Answer 5

group of conditions characterized by a reduction in number of RBCs or the amount of hemoglobin; results in less oxygen reaching tissues

Question 6

type A

Answer 6

Type A blood produces anti-B antibodies

Anti-B antibodies attack type B and type AB blood

Question 7

passive immunity

Answer 7

Results when a person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal

Question 8

sickle cell

Answer 8

genetic disorder where RBCs take on abnormal sickle shape; become more fragile leading to hemolytic anemia

Question 9

rh factor

Answer 9

positive or negative

Question 10

autoimmune disease

Answer 10

disease resulting from immune system attacking its own body is if a pathogen; examples include rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 11

hematocrit

Answer 11

measures volume of RBCs

Question 12

how we do blood typing

Answer 12

must do blood typing before a transfusion

Question 13

Type B

Answer 13

Type B blood produces anti-A antibodies

Anti-A antibodies attack type A and type AB blood

Question 14

type O

Answer 14

has no marker

Type O blood produces anti-A and anti-B antibodies These antibodies will attack type A, type B, and type AB blood

Question 15

abo system

Answer 15

There are two possible RBC markers, A and B

Question 16

acquired immunity

Answer 16

Body’s response to a specific pathogen

passive or active

Question 17

RH-

Answer 17

Will produce anti-Rh antibodies
no RH factor
Rh– person can receive only Rh– blood

Question 18

types of blood markers

Answer 18

ABO system and Rh factor

Question 19

humoral

Answer 19

Involves production of B lymphocytes
Respond to antigens by producing a protective protein, an antibody
Antibodies combine with antigen to form an antigen-antibody complex
Targets pathogen for phagocytosis
Prevents infectious agent from damaging healthy cells

Question 20

lymphedema

Answer 20

excessive tissue fluid due to blocked lymphatic flow

Question 21

aids

Answer 21

defect in cell-mediated immunity; result of final stages of HIV infection

Question 22

allergy

Answer 22

hypersensitivity to a common substance; substance is called an allergen

Question 23

types of immunities

Answer 23

natural

acquired

Question 24

immune responses

Answer 24

humoral

cellular

Question 25

leukemia

Answer 25

cancer of white blood cell-forming portion of red bone marrow; results in large number of abnormal and immature WBCs circulating in blood stream

Question 26

natural immunity

Answer 26

Not specific to a particular disease •Doesn’t require prior exposure to pathogen

Question 27

RH+

Answer 27

RH factor on rbc’s
Will not make anti-Rh antibodies
Rh+ person may receive either Rh+ or Rh– transfusion

Question 28

type AB blood

Answer 28

has both markers
Type AB blood produces no antibodies
Therefore it will not attack any other blood types

Question 29

cellular

Answer 29

Involves production of T cells and natural killer cells (NK) These defense cells are cytotoxic
Physically attack and destroy pathogenic cells