Chap 11 endocrine system

Question 1

regulation

Answer 1

Metabolic rate–Water and mineral balance–Immune system reactions–Sexual functioning

Question 2

organs

Answer 2

Adrenal glands–Ovaries–Pancreas (islets of Langerhans)–Parathyroid glands–Pineal gland–Pituitary gland–Testes-Thymus gland–Thyroid gland

Question 3

edema

Answer 3

excessive fluid in body tissues

Question 4

syndrome

Answer 4

group of symptoms and signs that combine to present a clinical picture of disease or condition

Question 5

diabetes

Answer 5

.

Question 6

dwarfism

Answer 6

hyposecretion of growth hormone in children; causes short stature

Question 7

giantism

Answer 7

hypersecretion of growth hormone in child; results in very tall adult

Question 8

goiter

Answer 8

enlarged thyroid gland

Question 9

2 types of glands

Answer 9

exocrine

endocrine

Question 10

exocrine

Answer 10

Release secretions into duct that carries them to outside of body

Question 11

endocrine

Answer 11

Release hormones directly into bloodstream

no ducts

Question 12

glands

Answer 12

adrenal
parathyroid
pancreas
pineal
pituitary
ovaries
testes
thymus
thyroid

Question 13

adrenal

Answer 13

cortex

medulla

Question 14

cortex

Answer 14

corticosteroids

Steroid hormones

Question 15

3 types of corticosteroids

Answer 15

Mineralocorticoids –Glucocorticoids –Steroid sex hormones

Question 16

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 16

regulates sodium and potassium

Question 17

Glucocorticoids

Answer 17

regulates carbs

Question 18

Steroid sex hormones

Answer 18

Regulate secondary sexual characteristics

Question 19

medulla

Answer 19

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 20

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 20

Increases blood pressure–Increases heart rate–Increases respiration rate

Question 21

ovaries

Answer 21

estrogen and progesterone

Question 22

estrogen

Answer 22

Female sexual characteristics –Regulation of menstrual cycle

Question 23

progesterone

Answer 23

Maintains suitable uterine environment for pregnancy

Question 24

pancreas

Answer 24

endocrine and exocrine protion

Question 25

endocrine portion

Answer 25

Releases digestiveenzymes

Question 26

exocrine poriton

Answer 26

Produce insulin and glucagon

Question 27

insulin

Answer 27

Produced by beta cells–Stimulates cells of body to take in glucose from bloodstream–Lowers blood sugar level–Occurs after eating a meal and absorbing carbohydrates

Question 28

glucagen

Answer 28

Produced by alpha cells–Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream–Raises blood sugar levels–Occurs when body needs more glucose

Question 29

Parathyroid Glands

Answer 29

parathyroid hormone

Question 30

parathyroid hormone

Answer 30

Regulates level of calcium in bloodstream

Question 31

pineal gland

Answer 31

melatonin

Question 32

melatonin

Answer 32

plays a role in regulating body’s circadianrhythm

Question 33

pituitary gland

Answer 33

Divided into anterior and posteriorlobes

Question 34

anterior lobe pituitary

Answer 34

somatotropin (stimulates cells to grow and divide)
Prolactin (stimulates milk production)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin)

Question 35

Anterior Pituitary

master gland

Answer 35

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (Regulates function of thyroid gland)
Adrenocorticotropin hormone (Regulates function of adrenal cortex)
Gonadotropins

Question 36

Gonadotropins

Answer 36

Follicle-stimulating hormone (Responsible for development of ova and sperm –Also stimulates ovary to secrete estrogen)
Luteinizing hormone (Stimulates secretion of sex hormones  –Plays a role in releasing ova in females)

Question 37

posterior pituitary

Answer 37

Antidiuretichormone (Promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubules)
Oxytocin (Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery–After birth stimulates release of milk from breast)

Question 38

testes

Answer 38

testosterone (Produces male secondary sexual characteristics –Regulates sperm production)

Question 39

thymus gland

Answer 39

thymosin (Essential for growth and development of thymic lymphocytes or T cells–Critical part of body’s immune system)

Question 40

thyroid gland

Answer 40

Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) (Regulate energy production–Adjust metabolic rate)
calcitonin (regulates calcium in bloodtsream)