Chapter 6-acoustic Characteristics Flashcards
What is frequency
The number of cycles of vibration per one second also perceived by pitch
What is intensity
The amplitude of energy or loudness
What sounds are more intense
Vowels and diphthongs.
What is a waveform
A graphic representation of sound that displays time on the X axis or the absciss and intensity on the ordinate or Y axis
What is a spectrogram
A graphic representation of all three major physical parameters time frequency and intensity
If you have greater intensity do you have lighter or darker bands
Dark
Do voice or voiceless consonants have a longer VOT
Voiceless
What do fricatives appear as on a spectrogram
Wide bands of energy continuous noise and there the highest frequency phonemes
What are the most intense of all the fricatives
Sibilants
Will voiced or voiceless fricatives appear darker on a spectrogram and why
Voiceless will be darker due to greater intensity
What is a formant
Defined as a resonance of the vocal tract
The duration of any phoneme depends upon what
Whether it is a stressed syllable the phonemic context of the syllable or word that contains the phoneme and the importance of the meaning of the word that contains the phoneme
Our fricatives higher or lower in pitch then vowels
Higher
Our vowels longer or shorter induration and fricatives
Longer
Nasal formants have lesser intensity than vowel formants due to what
Anti-residence and damping
What is another name for anti-residence associated with consonant production
Anti-formant
Which manner has the lowest spectral pitch
Nasal
Where is a stopgap seen
Before the release of a stop
Primary nasal formant on a spectrogram can be seen in the region of what
250-300 Hz
What is damping
The reduction in the amplitude of energy or intensity of a vibrating system
What consonants have damping
Sonorant
What is anti-resonance
Anti-formants are the same thing and they arise from changes in the residence patterns of the oral cavity and cause a decrease in intensity
What is VOT
Voice onset time and it is the time differential between the release of a stop burst and the onset of the voicing of a Vowel
What is a velar pinch
They are only associated with velar stop consonant production and it is the closeness of F2 and F3
What are among the highest frequency phonemes
Fricatives
