Chapter 6 Flashcards
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
Hard but brittle, hard, are soluble in water, have high melting temperatures, and are conductors of electricity in the molten or aqueous state.
How do cations form?
When metals lose electrons.
How do anions form?
When non-metals receive electrons.
How do ionic solids bond together?
They form a 3D lattice of positively charged metal ions surrounded by negatively charged non-metals. The ratios must be equal.
What are ionic bonds?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction that hold the ions in the lattice.
Why are ionic compounds so hard?
Because of strong attraction between positive cations and negative anions in the lattice.
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten?
Because when the ionic compound becomes molten, the cations and anions break from the lattice and become free to move and conduct.
Why are ionic compounds brittle?
When enough force is applied, many layers of the lattice slide past each other, so that the same force ends up repelling the layers.
What do electron transfer diagrams show?
How electrons rearrange in a reaction between metallic and non-metallic atoms to form an ionic compound.
What does the formula of an ionic compound show?
The ratio in which the ions combine.
What is the ratio of ions shown by?
Subscripts.
What is a polyatomic ion?
A groups of atoms in which a charge is spread over the whole group.
What do some atoms do that is shown by roman numerals?
Form more than one charge.
