Chapter 6

Question 1

What was Harriot Stanton Blatch encouraging women to do when she advocated “voluntary motherhood”?

Answer 1

Choose when and how often to become pregnant

Question 2

The Supreme Court’s decision in Minor v. Happersett

Answer 2

established that voting was a privilege, not a right of citizenship.

Question 3

The image of the “New Woman” emphasized “women’s work,” a term that meant women

Answer 3

should participate in paid labor or public service.

Question 4

The National Women Suffrage Society was formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in response to

Answer 4

Congress not including the word “gender” in the Fifteenth Amendment.

Question 5

How were the requirements for operating a typewriter different from operating a sewing machine?

Answer 5

Typists were required to have an education and a command of the English language; operating sewing machines required little formal training.

Question 6

What did the endorsement of woman suffrage by the WCTU convince Susan B. Anthony to do?

Answer 6

Form one national organization of all women’s groups that supported suffrage

Question 7

Why did most black families choose sharecropping over other forms of agricultural labor during Reconstruction?

Answer 7

Sharecropping allowed black families to work independently without direct white oversight.

Question 8

Susan B. Anthony demonstrated the New Departure theory when she

Answer 8

convinced election officials in Rochester, New York, to allow her vote.

Question 9

Which of the following describes the progress of Reconstruction in the South between 1865 and 1900?

Answer 9

After the U.S. Army withdrew from the defeated southern states, white-dominated legislatures reestablished white supremacy and instituted segregation.

Question 10

A common criticism of working women in the late nineteenth century was that they

Answer 10

took jobs away from male breadwinners.

Question 11

By the late nineteenth century, what gains in women’s rights had been realized?

Answer 11

Women had the right to vote in territorial and local elections in Wyoming and Utah.

Question 12

How did the sewing machine affect women’s labor in the textile industry?

Answer 12

Clothing manufacturing was divided into discrete tasks, and a single worker no longer made an entire piece of clothing.

Question 13

Many freedwomen responded to the defeat of the Confederacy by

Answer 13

taking to the road or advertising to find lost spouses and family members.

Question 14

How were elite white southern women affected by Reconstruction?

Answer 14

For the first time, elite white southern women had to cook and launder for their own households.

Question 15

What was a distinctive component of American cultural life for middle-class women in the late nineteenth century?

Answer 15

Membership in a women’s club

Question 16

How did the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor (AFL) treat working women in the late 1800s?

Answer 16

The Knights welcomed women workers; AFL leaders believed that women should stay at home.

Question 17

Ida B. Wells was significant because she

Answer 17

campaigned to stop lynching.

Question 18

Within the growing number of wealthy American families after the Civil War, the expected role for women was to

Answer 18

consume and display the family’s wealth.

Question 19

How did the woman suffrage movement respond to the congressional debates over the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments?

Answer 19

Women split over whether to endorse the Fifteenth Amendment, which omitted the word “gender.”

Question 20

Black codes were laws passed by

Answer 20

southern states to limit the freedom of freedmen.

Question 21

Why did “homosocial” relationships come under attack in the late nineteenth century?

Answer 21

Physicians characterized the relationships as “unnatural” or “abnormal.”

Question 22

What was the argument about woman suffrage advanced by the New Departure theory of the suffrage movement?

Answer 22

Women were persons under the Fourteenth Amendment and thus, as citizens, had the right to vote.

Question 23

What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in Plessy v. Ferguson?

Answer 23

Segregation was legal and compatible with the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 24

Why did white southern groups such as the Ku Klux Klan charge that black men were sexual predators who sought access to white women?

Answer 24

To assert control over African American men in the aftermath of slavery

Question 25

What was the danger that African American men faced in the reconstructed South for the slightest suspicion of disrespect to a white woman?

Answer 25

Lynching by a mob

Question 26

Why did many poor white women who worked in southern textile mills in the 1880s consider this work a privilege?

Answer 26

Factories hired only white women, which made the work seem to be a racial privilege.

Question 27

What was justified by the “family wage” concept of the late nineteenth century?

Answer 27

Paying men higher wages while paying women significantly less