Chapter 6 Flashcards
1
Q
Define communication (2)
A
- transfer and understanding of a message between two or more people
- for motivating to providing information, control, or express emotion
2
Q
Difference between formal and informal channel (2)
A
formal channel: communication channel established by organization to transmit message related to professional activities
informal channel: communication channel that are created spontaneously and that emerge as response to individual choices
3
Q
Define channel (1)
A
- medium through which messages travel
4
Q
Define communication apprehension (1)
A
- undue tension and anxiety about oral communication, written communication, or both
5
Q
What are the three effective communication ability (3)
A
- handle multiple cues at a time
- rapid feedback
- very personal
6
Q
Define channel richness (1)
A
- the amount of information that is transmitted through the communication episodes
7
Q
Difference between routine and non-routine channels (2)
A
- routine: straightforward and have minimum ambiguity (lower richness)
- non-routine: message are likely to be complicated and have potential to be misunderstood (higher richness)
8
Q
What channel do manager want to use (1)
A
- rich channel of non routine
9
Q
9 barriers to effective communication (9)
A
- filtering
- selective perception
- defensiveness
- emotion
- language
- non verbal communication
- stress
- silence
- overload of information
10
Q
Define filtering (1)
A
- sender manipulation of information so that is may seem more favourable by reader (distorting communication)
11
Q
Define selective perception (1)
A
- based on your needs, motivation, experience, background, and other personal characteristics
12
Q
Define defensiveness (1)
A
- people feel threatened and reduce their ability to mutually understand
13
Q
Define information overload (1)
A
- state in which more information is given than one can process (might neglect, select, or ignore certain information)
14
Q
Define language (1)
A
- sender tend to assume same words and phrase mean the same to receiver as to them (minimize communication)
15
Q
Define silence (1)
A
- absence of information (silence can be powerful)
16
Q
Define non-verbal communication (3)
A
- message convey through body movement, facial expression, and the physical distance
- intonation: emphasize, give to word and phrases missing
- proxemics: the physical distance of interpersonal relationship
17
Q
The importance of non verbal communication (2)
A
- extent to which an individual likes another and its interested in him or her
- relative perceived status between receiver and sender
18
Q
How do you create less stressful communication (3)
A
- be clear
- be aware of non verbal communication
- think carefully about how to state things
19
Q
Different types of current communication (4)
A
- instant messaging and text messaging
- social networking: promoting value
- blog: website with short entries written and displayed in chronological order
20
Q
Limitation to emails (4)
A
- privacy concern
- misinterpreting the message
- communication negative message
- time consuming nature of emails
21
Q
Limitation towards reducing time consuming nature of emails (4)
A
- do not read emails in the morning
- check emails in batches
- email emotion
- declare email bankruptcy
22
Q
Communication barrier between women and men (1)
A
- men use talk to emphasize status and women to create connections
23
Q
Cultural barrier to communication (4)
A
- barrier created by semantics: word do not translate
- barrier created by word connotation: words translate differently
- barrier created by tone difference: private and public speaking
- barrier created by difference in perspectives: how you view the world
24
Q
How to overcome cross cultural differences (4)
A
- assume difference until similarity is proven
- be empathetic
- treat interpretation as a working hypothesis
- emphasize description rather than interpretation or evaluation
25
Define conflict (1)
- process in which one party perceived the other party has negatively affected or is about to negatively affect something the first party cares about
26
Define functional and dysfunctional conflict (2)
- functional: conflict that supports the goal of the group and improved performance (lower conflict of continuum)
- dysfunctional" conflict that hinders group performance (unable to achieve goal- higher conflict of continuum)
27
Define cognitive and affective conflict (2)
- cognitive: conflict that is tasked oriented and emphasize difference in perception and judgement
- affective: conflict that is emotion and aims at a person rather than issue
28
Define dual concern theory (1)
- one's degree of cooperativeness (one's degree to satisfy other concern) and assertiveness (on'es degree to satisfy one's concern) determine how a conflict to be handled
29
5 types of conflict management strategies (5)
- forcing: imposing
- problem solving: accepting the problem
- yielding: accepting
- avoidance: ignoring
- compromising: balance
30
How can an individual do to manage conflict (5)
- problem solve
- develop overarching goals
- smoothing
- avoidance
- compromising
31
Additional techniques to manage conflict (4)
- expansion of resources
- authoritative commands
- altering to human variables
- altering to structural variables
32
Resolving personality conflict (1)
- misunderstand an inequities
33
Define negotiation (1)
- process in which two or more parties exchange goods and services and try to agree upon the rate of exchange of them (issues, position, interest)
34
Define distributive bargaining and fixed pie (2)
- set to divide up the fixed amount of resources (win-lose situation)
- only the set amount of goods and services to be divided up between parties
35
Define integrative bargaining (1)
- seek one or more settlements to create a win win situation (create a positive bond)
36
How to negotiate (5)
- develop a strategies
- defining the ground rules
- clarification and justification
- bargaining and problem solving
- closure and implementation
37
Define BATNA (1)
- best alternative to negotiated agreement (if outcome fails)
