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SLP 305 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of the outer, middle, and inner ear

A

Peripheral system

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2
Q

Consists of the outer and middle ear

A

Conductive system

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3
Q

Consists of the inner ear

A

Sensory system

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4
Q

System that uses the central mechanism (electrochemical energy)

A

Central system

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5
Q

Area of the ear that uses acoustic energy

A

Outer ear

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6
Q

Area of the ear that uses mechanical energy

A

Middle ear

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7
Q

Area of the ear that uses hydrodynamic energy

A

Inner ear

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8
Q

Area of the ear that uses electrical energy

A

Beyond the inner ear

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9
Q

Collects sound from the environment, most noticeable part, funnel like configuration

A

Auricle/pinna

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10
Q

What is the auricle/ pinna made of?

A

Cartilage

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11
Q

Helps funnel sound into external auditory canal.

Important for the localization of sound.

A

Concha

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12
Q

Effective for blocking sounds.

A

Tragus

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13
Q

More efficient at delivering high frequency sounds than low frequency sounds.

A

Pinna

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14
Q

Extends from concha to eardrum and is 2.6cm or about 1 inch in length and 5-7mm in diameter.

A

External acoustic meatus/ EAC

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15
Q

Outer portion passes through cartilage

Inner portion passes through the temporal bone

A

Cartilaginous EAC

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16
Q

Inner portion passes through the temporal bone

A

Bony external EAC

17
Q

produce oily, fatty substance

A

Sebaceous gland

18
Q

How does earwax (cerumen) exit the ear?

A

distorted through chewing or speaking.

19
Q

keep foreign objects from passing into the inner part

A

Cerumen

20
Q

Part of the EAC that has no glands and no hair

A

Bony EAC

21
Q

marks border between outer and middle ear; extremely thin and efficient vibrating system, rich in blood supply

A

Tympanic membrane

22
Q

What are the 3 layers of the tympanic membrane?

A

Epidermal, fibrocartilaginous, mucosal

23
Q

viewed from the EAC & made up of the same skin

A

Outer epidermal layer

24
Q

a layer of tough, fibrous, connective tissue; contributes to the membrane’s ability to vibrate 
with impinging sound waves

A

Middle fibrocartilaginous layer

25
Q
  • viewed from the middle-ear space
- completely lined with mucous membrane
A

Mucosal layer

26
Q

Oval air filled space; Separated from the ear canal by the tympanic membrane

A

Middle ear

27
Q

What is the middle ear connected to?

A

nasopharynx (nose and throat) through the Eustachian tube.

28
Q

The eustachian tube is usually kept ____

A

Closed

29
Q

When is the eustachian tube open?

A

yawning, sneezing, swallowing, or when excessive pressure is applied from nose.

30
Q

What are the 3 functions of the eustachian tube?

A
  • Equalize air pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane
  • Provides air supply essential to the metabolism of middle ear tissue
  • Drainage of middle ear secretions into the nasopharynx
31
Q

bony portion of the inner ear extended into the middle ear space
Separates two connections between the middle and inner ear

A

Promontory

32
Q

What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

33
Q

Must OVERCOME the loss of energy (25~30dB) that results when sound passes from one medium (air) to another medium (fluid).

A

Middle ear impedance matcher

34
Q

What are the mechanisms of middle ear impedance matching

A
  • Areal ratio of the tympanic membrane to the stapes footplate
  • Lever action of the ossicles
35
Q

Pulls the stapes laterally and posteriorly, making the movement of the ossicular chain less efficient - Ear protection

A

Stapedius muscle

36
Q

What does the stapedius muscle help to improve?

A

improve word recognition in noise

37
Q

pulls manubrium medially; protects ear from loud sound

A

tensor tympani muscle

SLP 305 (12 decks)

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