Chapter 6 Flashcards
What international law arises from civilized nations humanitarian desire to lessen the effects of conflicts, prevent unnecessary suffering, and protect combatant, non combatants, civilians, POWs the woulded and sick
The Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC)
DoDD 2311.01E, DoD Law of War Program , requires each military department to design a program to ensure LOAC observance and prevent LOAC violation. What else does it require
That eat military department
- Ensures prompt reporting of alleged LOAC violations
- Appropriately trains all forces in the LoAC
- Completes a legal review of all new weapons
How do other services often refer to the LOAC
As the Law of War
The LOAC training is an obligation of the US under the provisions of what treaty
The 1949 Geneva Conventions
Which AF publication requires that all personnel receive instruction on the principles and rules of LoAC commensurate with their duties and respoinbiltes
AFI 51-401, Training and Reporting the Ensure Compliance with the Law of Armed Conflict
Name three groups who receive additional specialized LOAC training to address unique issues they may encounter
Aircrews, medical personnel and security force
What is the foundation of LOAC
Customary international laws and treaties
Which article of the US constitution stats that treaty obligation of the US are the Supreme law of the Land
Article VI
According to the US supreme court, US international and legal obligations and customs are not part of the US law, True or False
False
Why must military personnel, civilians and contractors authorized to accompany the armed forces in combat follow the LOAC when planning and executing combat operations
Because treaties an international agreements enjoy equal status to laws passed by congress and signed by the president
What five important LoAC principles govern armed conflict
- Military necessity
- Distinction
- Proportionality
- Humanity
- Chivalry
Which LOAC principle permits only the degree of regulated force not prohibited by the laws of war needed to obtain the enemy’s partial or complete submission with the least expenditure of life, time and physical resource
Military Necessity
The LoaC principle of military necessity limits AF targets to what
Military objectives - those objects that make an effective contribution to military action and whose total or partial destruction, capture or neutralization offers s definite military advantage
List some examples of military objectives that may be targeted under the LOAC
Enemy troops, bases, supplies, lines of Communications and headquarters
Under the LoaC, military necessity does not authorize all military action and destruction true or false
True (Military necessity never authorized actions specially prohibited by the LOAC)
Under the LOAC what means discriminating between the civilian population and combatant forces
Distinction
Civilian objects are protected from attack. What are some examples of civilian objects
Places of worship, schools, hospitals and dwellings
When may civilian objects lose their LOAC protection
When they are sued to make an effective contribution to military action
What does the LoAC principle of distinction require attackers to do
To no intentionally attack civilians or use weapons or tactics that would cause excessive civilian collateral casualties
Under the LOAC, are defenders required to separate military targets from civilian and civilian objects
Yes
Employing human shield to protect military objectives is a fundamental violation of the LoAC principle of _____, and may lead to loss of their _____ status
Distinction, Protected
To meet the LOAC principle of proportionally, those who plan military operations must seek to avoid or minimize what
The extent of civilian destruction and probable casualties that will result
Under the LOAC, proportionality never applies to military faculties and forces. True or False
True (they are always legitimate targets)
Does the LOAC principle of proportionality require attackers to expose their forces to extraordinary risks to avoid or minimize civilian losses.
No