Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Argument from Outrage

A

Substitutes anger for reason/judgment when considering an issue

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2
Q

Scapegoating

A

Blaming a person or certain group for life’s troubles

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3
Q

Scare Tactics

A

Trying to scare people into doing something or accepting position

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4
Q

Argument by Force

A

Threatening a person

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5
Q

Argument from Pity

A

Feeling sorry for someone drives to position in unrelated matter

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6
Q

Argument from Envy

A

Find fault in person due to envy

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7
Q

Apple Polishing

A

Allowing praise of oneself to substitute for judgment about truth of claim or trying to get others to

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8
Q

Guilt Trip

A

Eliciting feelings of guilt to get others to do or not do something or accept view they should or should not

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9
Q

Wishful Thinking

A

Accept or urge acceptance (or rejection) of claim simply because it would be pleasant (or unpleasant) if it were true

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10
Q

Peer Pressure Argument

A

Desire for acceptance motivates one to accept claim (not due to merits)

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11
Q

Groupthink Fallacy

A

Substituting pride of membership in group for reason and deliberation in arriving at position on issue

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12
Q

Rationalizing

A

Use false pretext to satisfy one’s own desires/interests

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13
Q

Argument from Popularity

A

Urge someone to accept claim simply on grounds that all or most of substantial number of people believe it (not including authorities/experts)

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14
Q

Argument from Common Practice

A

Justify/defend action/practice on grounds that it is common

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15
Q

Argument from Tradition

A

Try to prove claim based on tradition

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16
Q

Subjectivist Fallacy

A

Something is true just because one thinks its true

17
Q

Relativist Fallacy

A

Thinking moral standard of own group applies universally while simultaneously maintaining that it doesn’t apply to groups that don’t accept the standard

18
Q

Two Wrongs Make a Right

A

Wrongful behavior on someone else’s part doesn’t convert wrongful behavior to rightful behavior

19
Q

Red Herring

A

Person brings topic into conversation that distracts from original point

20
Q

Smoke Screen

A

Pile issues on or make extremely complicated so original is lost