Chapter 6

Question 1

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?

Answer 1

Compact bone

Question 2

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of

Answer 2

fat

Question 3

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the

Answer 3

osteoblast

Question 4

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

Answer 4

hyaline cartilage

Question 5

What can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause?

Answer 5

decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage

Question 6

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the

Answer 6

diaphysis

Question 7

The term dipole refers to the

Answer 7

internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones

Question 8

Which of the following is a bone marking name that indicates a projection that helps to form joints?

Answer 8

ramus

Question 9

Factors in preventing (or delaying) osteoporosis include

Answer 9

drinking fluoridated water

Question 10

ossification of then ends of long bones

Answer 10

is produced by secondary ossification centers

Question 11

Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood, as well as shaping the articular surfaces?

Answer 11

epiphyseal plate

Question 12

The most abundant skeletal cartilage type is

Answer 12

hyaline

Question 13

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

Answer 13

communication

Question 14

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

Answer 14

the osteon

Question 15

bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic) layer consists primarily of

Answer 15

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Question 16

The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called

Answer 16

Perforating (sharper’s) fibers

Question 17

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal) is the site of

Answer 17

blood vessels and nerve fibers

Question 18

What are the small spaces in bone tissue that are holes in which osteocytes live called?

Answer 18

lucunae

Question 19

For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?

Answer 19

An ossification center forms in the fibrous connective tissue

Question 20

The process of bones increasing in width is known as

Answer 20

appositional growth

Question 21

Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the following cells accomplishes his process?

Answer 21

Osteoclast

Question 22

Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the bloodstream?

Answer 22

parathyroid hormone

Question 23

The universal loss of mass seen in the skeleton, which begins about the age of 40

Answer 23

reflects incomplete osteon formation and mineralization

Question 24

Wolff’s law is concerned with

Answer 24

the thickness and shape of a bone being dependent on stresses placed upon it

Question 25

Cranial bones develop

Answer 25

within fibrous membranes

Question 26

Which of the following glands or organs produces hormones that tend to decrease blood calcium levels?

Answer 26

thyroid

Question 27

Osteomyelitis is

Answer 27

due to pus- forming bacteria

Question 28

Cartilage grows in two ways, appositional and interstitial. What is appositional growth?

Answer 28

the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage

Question 29

Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth?

Answer 29

Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within.

Question 30

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows

Answer 30

by pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis

Question 31

Spongy bones are made up of a framework called

Answer 31

trabeculae

Question 32

Osteogenesis is the process of

Answer 32

bone formation

Question 33

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through

Answer 33

interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates

Question 34

Growth of bones is controlled by a symphony of hormones. Which hormone is important for bone growth during infancy and childhood?

Answer 34

growth hormone

Question 35

In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early. What might be the cause?

Answer 35

elevated levels of sex hormones

Question 36

Normal bone formation and growth are dependent on the adequate intake of

Answer 36

calcium, phosphate and vitamin D

Question 37

Ostealgia is

Answer 37

pain in a bone