Chapter 5

Question 1

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer

Answer 1

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing

Question 2

____ is an inherited condition that affects the heme pathways; it leaves the skin scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires

Answer 2

Porphyria

Question 3

A need would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?

Answer 3

corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 4

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 4

external root sheath

Question 5

Acne is a disorder associated with

Answer 5

sebaceous glands

Question 6

The dermis

Answer 6

has two layers

Question 7

Which muscles attached to the hair follicles cause goose bumps?

Answer 7

arrestor pili

Question 8

If a splinter penetrated the skin into the second epidermal layer of the sole of the food, which cells would be damaged

Answer 8

lucidum

Question 9

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure?

Answer 9

Meissner’s corpuscle

Question 10

Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?

Answer 10

Kinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts

Question 11

Sudoriferous glands vary in distribution over the surface of the body. Which of the following is correct?

Answer 11

Ceruminous glands secrete cerumen, which is thought to deter insects.

Question 12

Although the integument is a covering, it is by no mean simple, and some of its functions includ

Answer 12

resident macrophage - like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system

Question 13

The function of the root hair plexus is to

Answer 13

allow the hair to assist in touch sensation

Question 14

Vernix caseosa is a

Answer 14

whitish material produced by fetal sebaceous glands

Question 15

The ___ gland is a modified sudoriferous gland that secretes wax

Answer 15

ceruminous

Question 16

Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) through the process of

Answer 16

diffusing through the tissue fluid from blood vessels in the dermis

Question 17

The reason the hypodermic acts as a shock absorber is that

Answer 17

the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber

Question 18

Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?

Answer 18

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 19

Keratinocytes are an important epidermal cell because they

Answer 19

produce a fibrous protein that gives the skin much of its protective properties

Question 20

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes

Answer 20

accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer

Question 21

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well-being and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?

Answer 21

Stratum basale

Question 22

The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?

Answer 22

macrophages called epidermal dendritic cells

Question 23

Water loss through the epidermis could cause serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?

Answer 23

Lamellated granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.

Question 24

The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following cell types are likely to be found in the dermis?

Answer 24

fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells

Question 25

The dermis has two major layers; which of the following constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?

Answer 25

the reticular layer

Question 26

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing How might a person know the dermis has been stretched and or torn?

Answer 26

the appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis

Question 27

The papillary layer of the dermis is connective tissue heavily invested with blood vessels. The superficial surface has structures called

Answer 27

dermal papillae

Question 28

Ture regarding prints or ridges?

Answer 28

they are genetically determined, therefore unique to each person

Question 29

Which of the following statements indicated that way in which the body’s natural defense protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?

Answer 29

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen

Question 30

Changes in the color of skin are often an indication of a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following changes would suggest that a patient is suffering from Addison’ s disease?

Answer 30

the skin takes on a bronze or metallic appearance

Question 31

An epidermal dendritic cell is a specialized

Answer 31

phagocyctic cell

Question 32

What are the most important factors influencing hair growth?

Answer 32

nutrition and hormones

Question 33

Which of the following statements best describes what fingernails actually are?

Answer 33

fingernails are a modification of the epidermis

Question 34

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?

Answer 34

eccrine and apocrine

Question 35

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is

Answer 35

99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C

Question 36

Where are apocrine glands found on the human body?

Answer 36

in the axillary and anogenital area

Question 37

The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a substance known as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated

Answer 37

by hormones, especially androgens

Question 38

What are the vital function of the skin?

Answer 38

it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to calcium metabolism

Question 39

Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

Answer 39

by using the “rule of nines”

Question 40

What is the first threat to life form a massive third-degree burn?

Answer 40

catastrophic fluid loss

Question 41

Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to

Answer 41

male hormones

Question 42

Eyebrow hair are always shorter than hairs on your head because

Answer 42

eyebrow follicles are only active for a few months.