Chapter 6 Flashcards
An outbreak that occurs when there is an increased incidence of a disease beyond that which is normally found in the population.
Epidemic
Model based on the belief that health status is determined by the interaction of the characteristics of the host, agent, and environment.
Epidemiologic triad
Study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human populations; used both as research methodology to study states of health and illness, and as a body of knowledge that results from the study of a specific state of health or illness
Epidemiology
Course of a disease or condition from the onset to resolution.
Natural history
Epidemic usually limited to a localized increase in the incidence of the illness.
Outbreak
Primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the existence of a specific state of health or illness.
Rate
Probability or likelihood that a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who presently do not have the problem.
Risk
Characteristics or events that have been shown to increase the probability that a specific disease or illness will develop.
Risk factor
Epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple causation while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.
Web of causation
Epidemiologic model de-emphasizes the agent as the sole cause of the disease while emphasizing the interplay of physical, biologic, and social environments.
Wheel of causation
The client whose health status is the concern (person, family, group of high-risk ppl, or community as a whole).
Host
An element of force that under proper conditions can initiate or perpetuate a health problem. (Physical, chemical, nutritional, psychosocial, and biologic)
Agent
Context within which the agent and host interact. (Biologic, physical, and social)
Environment
Age, race, and genetic makeup
Abosulte/nonmodifiable
Lifestyle, exercise level, nutrition, health knowledge, and motivation for achieving optimal wellness
Variable/modifiable
