Chapter 6

Question 1

Substrate level phosphorylation

Answer 1

An enzyme catalyzed reaction that transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP

Question 2

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 2

Synthesis of ATP in which ATP synthase uses an H+ gradient built by the electron transfer system as he energy source to make the ATP

Question 3

Reduced

Answer 3

Referred to a substance that gains electrons during reduction

Question 4

Glycogen

Answer 4

Energy providing carbohydrates stored in animal cells

Question 5

Pro motive force

Answer 5

Stored energy that contributes to ATP synthesis and to the cotransport of substances to and from mitochondria

Question 6

Glycolysis

Answer 6

Stage of cellular respiration in which sugars such as glucose are partially oxidized and broken down into smaller molecules

Question 7

Triglycerides

Answer 7

A nonpolar compound produced when fatty acid binds by a dehydration synthesis reaction at each of glycerol’s three OH bearing sites

Question 8

Lactate fermentation

Answer 8

Reaction in which pryuvate is converted into lactate

Question 9

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 9

An organism that can live in the presence and absence of oxygen, using oxygen when available and live by fermentation under anaerobic conditions

Question 10

Fermentation

Answer 10

Process in which electrons carried by NADH are transferred to an organic acceptor molecule rather than to an electron transfer system

Question 11

Oxidized

Answer 11

Refers to a substance that loses electrons through oxidation

Question 12

Anabolic reactions

Answer 12

Metabolic relation that requires energy to assemble simple substances into more complex molecules

Question 13

Strict a anarobes

Answer 13

Organism in which fermentation is the only source of ATP

Question 14

Chemiosmosis

Answer 14

Ability of cells to use the proton motive force to do work

Question 15

Citric acid cycle

Answer 15

Series of reactions in which acetyl groups are oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and some ATP molecules are synthesized. Also referred to as Krebs cycle and the tricarboxylic acid cycle

Question 16

ATP synthase

Answer 16

A membrane spanning protein complex that couples the energetically favourable transport of protons across a membrane to the synthesis of ATP

Question 17

Alcohol fermentation

Answer 17

Reaction in which pryuvate is converted into ethyl alcohol and CO2 in a two step series that also converts NADH into NAD+

Question 18

Redox reactions

Answer 18

Coupled oxidation? Reduction reaction in which electrons are removed from a donor molecule and simultaneously added to an acceptor molecules

Question 19

Cellular respiration

Answer 19

The process by which energy rich molecules are broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP

Question 20

What molecules can produce ATP even in the presence of DNP?

Answer 20

Fats
Proteins
Carbohydrates