Chapter 5

Question 1

NA+/K+ pump

Answer 1

Pump that pushes out of the cell and 2k+ into the cell in the same pumping cycle

_ the sodium potassium pump!!!

Question 2

What is response?

Answer 2

In signal transduction, it is the last stage in which the transduced signal causes the cell to change according to the signal and to the receptors on the cell. In the nervous system, the output resulting from the integration of neural messages

Question 3

Freeze fracture technique

Answer 3

Technique in which experimenters freeze a block of cells rapidly and then fracture the block to split the lipid bilayer and expose the hydrophobic membrane interior

Question 4

Micelle

Answer 4

A sphere composed of single layer of lipid molecules

Question 5

Exchange diffusion

Answer 5

See anti port
- also called exchanger or counter transporter

• protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more molecules/ions across a phospholipid membrane

Question 6

Protein kinases

Answer 6

Enzyme that transfers a phosphate group from ATP to one or more sites on particular proteins

Question 7

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 7

Mechanism by which polar and charged molecules diffuse across membranes with the help of transport proteins

Question 8

Clathrin

Answer 8

The network of proteins that coat and reinforce the cytoplasmic surface of cell membranes

Question 9

Membrane potential

Answer 9

An electrical voltage that measures the potential inside of a cell membrane relative to the fluid just outside; it is negative under resting conditions and positive under action

Question 10

Simple diffusion

Answer 10

Mechanism by which certain small substances diffuse through the lipid part of the biological membrane

Question 11

Active transport

Answer 11

The mechanism which ions and molecules move against the concentration gradient across a membrane, from the side with the lower concentration to the side win higher concentration

Question 12

Passive transport

Answer 12

The transport of substance across cell membranes without expenditure of energy, as in diffusion

Question 13

Channel protein

Answer 13

Transport protein that forms a hydrophilic channel in a cell membrane through which water,ions or other molecules can pass

Question 14

Carrier proteins

Answer 14

Transport protein that binds a specific solute and transports it across the lipid bilayer

Question 15

Protein phosphates

Answer 15

Enzymes that remove phosphate groups from target proteins

Question 16

Diffusion

Answer 16

The net movement of ions or molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Question 17

Reception

Answer 17

The binding of a signal molecule with a specific receptor in a target cell

Question 18

Locus

Answer 18

Site occupied by a gene on a chromosome

- ales on different homologous chromosomes have same loci