Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

genetics > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the stop codons

A

UAA
UAG
UGA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the initiation codon

A

AUG (MET) Methionine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

discovered the relationship between 64 codons and the 20 amino acids was determined by experiments done mostly in the laboratories of _________ and ________ who shared the Nobel prize in 1968.

A

Marshall Nirenberg and H. Gobind Khorana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Poly G cannot be translated in vitro because it _________

A

folds up upon itself and therefore cannot be translated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

UUU
UUC
(F) (Phe)

A

Phenylalanine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
CUU
CUC
CUA
CUG 
UUA
UUG
Leu (L)
A

Leucine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

AUU
AUC
AUA
Ile (I)

A

Isoleucine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AUG

Met (M)

A

Methionine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
GUU
GUC
GUA
GUG
Val (V)
A

Valine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
UCU
UCC
UCA
UCG
Ser (S)
A

Serine

Neutral Polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
CCU
CCC
CCA
CCG
Pro (P)
A

Proline

Neutral Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
ACU
ACC
ACA
ACG
Thr (T)
A

Theronine

Neutral Polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
GCU
GCC
GCA
GCG
Ala (A)
A

Alanine

Neutral, Nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

UAU
UAC
Tyr (Y)

A

Tyrosine

Neutral Polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CAU
CAC
His (H)

A

Histidine

Basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CAA
CAG
Gln (Q)

A

Glutamine

Neutral, Polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

AAU
AAC
Asn (N)

A

Asparagine

Neutral Polar

18
Q

AAA
AAG
Lys (K)

A

Lysine

Basic

19
Q

GAU
GAC
Asp (D)

A

Aspartic Acid

Acidic

20
Q

GAA
GAG
Glu (E)

A

Glutamic Acid

Acid

21
Q

UGU
UGC
Cys (C)

A

Cysteine

Neutral Polar

22
Q

UGG

Trp (W)

A

Tryptophan

Neutral Nonpolar

23
Q 
CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
AGA
AGG
Arg (R)
A

Arginine

Basic

24
Q

AGU
AGC
Ser (S)

A

Serine

Neutral Polar

25
Q 
GGU
GGC
GGA
GGG
Gly (G)
A

Glycine

Neutral Nonpolar

26
Q

All genetic code is degenerate with two exceptions which are AUG and UGG

A

METHIONINE AND TRYPTOPHAN

27
Q

The addition or deletion of base pairs in DNA sequencing causes ________ ______ mutations.

A

frame shift

28
Q

When do polypeptides fold contranslationally?

A

They fold during the translation process rather than after they are released from the ribosome.

29
Q

is a high-molecular-weight, nitrogen-containing orgainc compound of complex shape and composition.

A

protein

30
Q

a protein consists of one or more macromolecular subunits called

A

polypeptides

31
Q

polypeptides are composed of small building blocks called

A

amino acids.

32
Q

bonds that are created from a covalent bond between a carboxyl group from one amino acid and an amino group from another amino acid

A

peptide bond

33
Q

The tertiary structure of a polypeptide is directly determined by the distribution of the _______ _____ along the chain.

A

R groups

34
Q

how many codes make up the genetic code

A

64

35
Q

another name for stop codons are

A

nonsense codons, and chain-terminating codons.

36
Q

The wobble hypothesis was proposed by

A

Francis Crick

37
Q

The recognition of the tRNA by the mRNA codon was proved by ________

A

G. von Ehrenstein, B. Weisblum, and S. Benzer

38
Q

Polypeptide synthesis takes place on

A

Ribosomes

39
Q

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes _________ consist of two unequally sized subunits- the large and small each of which consists of a complex between RNA molecules and proteins

A

ribosomes

40
Q

all amino acids have the same common structure except

A

proline

40
Q

Neutral non polar

A

Trp (W)

genetics (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions