Chapter 6 Flashcards
Estates
Social classes of France
Old regime
Absolute monarchy of France
Louis XVI
Idiot King, overspent
Jacques necker
Financial advisor who was fired after he suggested taxing the first and second estates
Deficit spending
Spent more than what the govt could collect
Bastille
Symbolic political prison that was overtaken by an angry mob
Third estate taxation
Poorest estate, only estate that had to pay taxes
Estates general
Meting of all three estates
Tennis court oath
Third estate sat Ina tennis court and wrote a constitution
National Assembly
First cycle of the French Revolution
Jacobins
Radicals of the third estate that didn’t think the Revolution had gone far enough
Reign of terror
Cycle of the French Revolution where it was under mob rule
Émigré
Nobles who fled to other countries in fear of angry mobs
Declaration of pilnitz
Prussia and Austria’s declaration of war against France
Deceleration of the rights of man
Men are born free and equal with rights to liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. All citizens can contribute to law making, all persons are guaranteed equality before the law, unlawful arrest, freedom of speech, religion, and press.
Robespierre
Leader of French Revolution ,”republic of virtue.”
Directory
Third cycle of the French Revolution, dominated by the bourgeoisie, bicameral (two houses)
Execution of the King/queen
Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI were executed by the guillotine due to treason when they tried to escape from prison
Nationalism
Sense of pride in one’s nation
Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
Military genius who overthrew the directory, restoring order, from Corsica, exiled twice
Plebiscite
A “popularity pole”
Spanish nationalism
Kept Spain from being conquered by Napoleon
Guerrilla warfare
Used by spaniards to resist Napoleon “duck and cover” (shoot and run type thing)
Russian invasion (scorched earth)
When being invaded by Napoleon, Russian troops retreated to Moscow and burned their own crops and villages to the ground so that the French had no cover
Hundred days
How long it took for Napoleon to escape Elba and return to France
Civil constitution of the clergy
Declared pope had no power in France, people declared bishop
Continental system
France made a blockade on imports to Britain to make them struggle economically
Congress of Vienna
Purpose was to make sure monarchs stayed in power
Code Napoleon
Equal treatment before law, abolished feudalism and serfdom, jury by trial
Bank of France
Authorized improvements of infrastructure (bridges, harbors, canals)
French public education
University if France, under state control
Status of catholic chruch
Clergy were paid by the French govt, had to suffer all claims to land, freedom of religion (Protestants and Jews)
