Chapter 4 Flashcards
Absolute monarchy
Monarchy has all the power
Hapsburg dynasty
Rulers of Austria, Maria Theresa, Ferdinand and Isabella, Charles V
Divine right
The excuse that God himself chose the ruler
Don Quixote
Book by Miguel de Cervantes
El Greco
Painter in the Spanish golden age
Spanish Armada
Spanish navy
Elizabeth I
Ruler of England (Protestant but tolerated catholics)
Phillip II
Ruler of Spain (catholic, taxed heavily)
Intendants
Tax collectors to help the king that eventually became the bourgeoise
Merchantilism
System of trade by acquiring colonies
Huguenots
Calvinists; France
“Paris is worth a mass”
Said by Huguenot Henry IV; converted to Catholicism to rule France
Henry IV
Huguenot, turned catholic for political and social power
Edict of Nantes
Freed Huguenots from persecution in France
Cardinal Richelieu
Ran France until Louis was of age
“Sea-Dogs”
Thugs hired by Elizabeth I to combat Phillip II
Tudor dynasty
Dynasty that ran England (Elizabeth I)
Bourbon dynasty
Dynasty that ran France (Louis XVI, Marie-Antoinette)
Romanov dynasty
Dynasty that ran Russia (Peter the great, Catherine the great)
Hohenzollern dynasty
Dynasty that ran Prussia
Stuart dynasty
Dynasty that ran England for a short time (James I, Charles I)
Balance of power
System of checks and balances to ensure that no one branch gets all the power
Versailles
The palace and grounds for the king of France, about 13 miles from Paris
Louis XIV
“Sun King” because he was the center of the universe, made first full time army
“I am the state”
Said by Luis XIV, meant that he is the law
Puritans
Calvinists who had no fun and were very plain
Thirty Years’ War
Protestants vs Catholics
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty that ended the Thirty Years’ War
Parliament
“House of lords and House of Commons” the ‘congress’ of England
Limited monarchy
Still a monarchy, but legislative branch checks the power of the King
Oliver Cromwell
“Lord protector” Puritan dictator of Europe
English civil war
Cavaliers (nobles) vs Roundheads (untrained civilians)(new model army) left England with puritans in charge
Common wealth
Means that England is now for the common people
Glorious revolution
Bloodless revolution; left Mary and William of Orange in charge; no more divine right
English bill of rights
Parliament creates laws and the monarchy cannot interfere, parliament can meet whenever they want, monarch must be Anglican, jury trial, right to speedy trial, no excessive bail, no cruel or unusual punishment
Prussia
Modern day Germany, ran by Hohenzollerns
Peter the great
Ruler of Russia, westernized it after visiting friends
Westernization Russia
By Peter the Great; imported technology from the west
Boyars
Nobles of Russia; forced to cut off their beards by Peter the Great; forced to do a service to the state which made them become officers or part of the government
Partition of Poland
Poland was invaded in three different parts; ceased to exist
