Chapter 1/Global section Flashcards
Feudalism
Political, social, military, and economic structure/beliefs.
Charlemagne
King of the franks
Empower of the Holy Roman Empire
Chivalry
Group of Knights
Magna Carta
“Great charter”, fundamental constitution or law guaranteeing rights and liberties
Take away rights of the King
Impact of the crusades
Crusades- attempts by the catholic church to recover holy lands form the Muslims
- lead to trade and money
Middle class
the social, economic, cultural class, having approximately average status, income, education, tastes, and the like
Vernacular
Original language of the people that live their
Holy Roman Empire
Germanic empire located chiefly in central Europe that began with the coronation of Charlemagne as Roman emperor in a.d. 800 (or, according to some historians, with the coronation of Otto the Great, king of Germany, in a.d. 962) and ended with the renunciation of the Roman imperial title by Francis II in 1806, and was regarded theoretically as the continuation of the Western Empire and as the temporal form of a universal dominion whose spiritual head was the pope
Ottoman Empire
a former Turkish empire that was founded about 1300 by Osman and reached its greatest territorial extent under Suleiman in the 16th century
Five pillars of Islam
They make up Muslim life, prayer, concern for the needy, self purification and the pilgrimage (hajj)
Koran
Sacred text of Islam divided into 114 chapters
Muhammad
Arab prophet, founder of Islam
What was the meaning of the renaissance?
the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world
Humanism
any system or mode of thought or action in which human interests, values, and dignity predominate
Florence
Capital of the former grand duchy of Tuscany
Oligarchy
form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class or clique; government by the few
Machiavelli
Italian statesman, political philosopher, and author
Johann Gutenberg
Credited for a printer
Utopian
Perfect, all is right, no crime, etc.
Thomas more
Writer on religious subjects
William Shakespeare
Poet and dramatist
Catholic Church abuses
Worldliness- too much power over things other than religion
Nepotism- putting friends and relatives in important positions
Simony- bribing to get a job
Sale of indulgences- can escape purgatory, but it’ll cost you money
Martin Luther
95 theses- stuff he didn’t like about the Catholic Church
Diet of worms- meeting place for catholic priests where Luther was lured and almost arrested
Thought indulgences were corrupt
Saved by a German prince
Lutheranism
- belief in the bible
- vernacular bible
- schools
- simplify mass
- rid of indulgences and confession
- permit priests to marry
John Calvin
Attacked by the church because of his theory of predestination
Calvinists sects
Predestination
Being predestined to go to heaven
Henry VII
Confiscated all catholic land
Marriage issues as far as having a boy (would divorce if had no son)
Got excommunicated
Council of Trent
No nepotism, simony, indulgences, worldliness, cleaned up their act, declare pope infallible
Jesuits
member of a Roman Catholic religious order (Society of Jesus) founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534
Anglican
“Religion” made by Church of England (Henry VIII) because of marriage issues
Hohenzollern
Royal family of Germany, Prussia
