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Global Studies > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

republic

A

a government where citizens vote for their leaders

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2
Q

patricians

A

wealthy landowners with lots of power

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3
Q

plebeians

A

farmers & merchants

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4
Q

tribunes

A

plebeian representatives

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5
Q

Twelve Tables

A

Rome’s laws

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6
Q

consuls

A

Rome’s “kings” with two-year terms

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7
Q

senate

A

aristocratic branch of Rome’s government

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8
Q

dictator

A

a leader with absolute power to bring Rome out of crisis for 6 months

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9
Q

legions

A

military units

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10
Q

Punic War

A
  • rome won
  • then Carthage won (under Hannibal)
  • then rome won again
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11
Q

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

A

tried to help Rome’s poor people, got assassinated, civil war broke out after their deaths

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12
Q

Julius Caesar

A
  • military leader in the first triumvirate (with Crassus and Pompey)
  • was a consul and then governor of Gaul
  • defeated Pompey’s army and became dictator of Rome for life
  • reformed it by making jobs and expanding senate
  • was assassinated
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13
Q

Octavian (Augustus) Caesar

A
  • 2nd triumvirate with Mark Antony and Lepidus
  • ruled for 10 years after Caesar’s death
  • made Lepidus retire and defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra
  • ruled Rome unchallengedly with Pax Romana
    • stabilized government
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14
Q

gravitas

A

Roman attributes (strength, bravery, discipline)

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15
Q

Roman Culture

A
  • had slaves
  • many gods and goddesses
    • numia: spirit
    • lares: guardian spirits of each family
  • big gap between rich and poor
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16
Q

Diaspora

A

dispersal of the Jews

17
Q

Constantine

A
  • was anti-Christ at first
  • his mom St. Monica prayed for him and then he converted during battle
  • became a super-activist
18
Q

Augustine

A
  • one of the Fathers of the Church

- wrote “The City of God”

19
Q

mercenaries

A

foreign soldiers who fought for money

20
Q

Diocletian

A
  • new emperor of Rome
  • restored order (before Constantine came along)
  • split Roman empire into Greek East and Latin West
21
Q

Constantine (after Diocletian)

A

-moved capital from Rome to Byzantium, named it Constantinople

22
Q

Germans

A

-invaded rome to escape the Huns led by Attila

23
Q

Virgil

A

a poet of heavy themes, wrote the Aeneid

24
Q

Ovid

A

wrote light stuff like Amores

25
Q

Tacitus

A

-a political commentator, wrote the Annals and Histories

26
Q

Justinian

A
  • succeeded his uncle to the throne of the Eastern Empire
  • was the “new Caesar”
    • rules with absolute power, even over the church
  • had the general Belisarius
  • rebuilt Constantinople
    • built the Hagia Sophia
    • built public baths, schools, hospitals
  • greco-roman culture!
  • empire fell after he died
    • plague of Justinian
    • attacks from east and west
      • Avars, Slavs, Bulgars, Sassanid Persians
27
Q

Belisarius

A
  • recovered North Africa from Germanic invasion

- changed hands 6 times, Byzantine won out

28
Q

Justinian Code

A
  • code: 5,000 Roman laws good for the Byzantine empire
  • Digest: quoted the best legal thinkers on thoughts about the law (50 volumes)
  • Institutes: a textbook on how to use the laws
  • Novellae: (new laws) presented legislation passed after 534
29
Q

Mese “Middle Way” & Hippodrome

A
  • Constantinople’s main street
    • many merchants
  • a stadium with chariot races
    • very enthusiastic, many riots happened here
      • the ferocious Nika rebellion, they were mad at the government for quenching a previous riot
30
Q

patriarch

A

leading bishop of the Eastern Orthodox Church

31
Q

icons

A

religious images used by the Eastern church to help their devotions
-banned by Emperor Leo III

32
Q

Cyrillic Alphabet

A

-alphabet for Slavic languages (Russian)

Global Studies (5 decks)

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