Chapter 6 Flashcards
What characterizes somatic symptom disorder?
Continuously feeling weak and ill. Life revolves around symptoms. Often feels severe pain without clear physical explanation for the pain, which is made worse by psychological factors.
What is illness anxiety disorder?
Concern is the idea of being sick. Preoccupied with bodily symptoms. Remain unconvinced they are fine after seeing multiple doctors (disease conviction).
When does illness anxiety disorder usually begin?
Adolescence.
Somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorder are more common in what demographic?
Unmarried women and those with lower socioeconomic status.
What are the major similarities between patients with somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorder?
Enhanced perceptual sensitivity to illness cues and interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening.
What are the suspected causes of somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorders?
Genetics (runs in families), stressful life events (death), lots of disease in family as kids, and comes from family with illness (sees it gets attention).
What behavioral and medication treatments are used to treat somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorder?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and SSRIs.
What characterizes the psychological factors affecting medical condition?
Patient has a previously diagnosed medical condition that is adversely affected by one or more psychological or behavioral factors.
One example would be anxiety severe enough to clearly worsen asthma.
What characterizes functional neurological symptom disorders (conversion)?
Generally have to do with physical malfunctioning, such as paralysis, blindness, or difficulty speaking (aphonia), without any physical or organic pathology to account for the malfunction.
Example: Claiming blindness but catching a ball when thrown at them and still believing they are blind.
What is malingering?
Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain.
What is factitious disorder?
Nonexistent physical or psychological disorders deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention.
What is an example of factitious disorder?
Someone ingesting poison to cause a problem intentionally.
What is factitious disorder imposed on another?
An adult, most often a mother, may purposely make her child sick, evidently for the attention and pity then given to the mother.
What are some characteristics of OCD?
Obsessions: recurrent, intrusive, unwanted thoughts, ideas, mental images. Compulsions: particular acts patients feel driven to perform repeatedly.
What are the symptoms people with OCD struggle with?
Severe general anxiety, panic attacks, debilitating avoidance, and major depression.
What are the four major types of obsessions in OCD?
1) Symmetry 2) Hoarding 3) Contamination 4) Forbidden thoughts/actions.
What disorder commonly co-occurs with OCD?
Tic disorder, these are compulsions by movements.
What is the onset of OCD?
Early onset to mid 20s.
What are three causes that can lead to OCD?
1) Thought-action fusion ‘if I think it, it will happen’ 2) Early experiences 3) Suppression of thoughts leading to compulsions.
What are the treatments for OCD?
SSRIs, ERP (saying thought out loud and avoiding compulsions), and CBT.
What is body dysmorphic disorder?
Preoccupation with an imagined physical defect or abnormality that leads to significant distress/impairment. Patients often present to dermatologists or plastic surgeons.
What does body dysmorphic disorder often co-occur with?
OCD.
What is hoarding disorder?
Excessively collecting and keeping items with minimal value, leading to cluttering and disruption of living space. Starts early and gets worse with age.
What is trichotillomania?
Hair pulling disorder.
