chapter 6

Question 1

Define repression

Answer 1

It refers to the act of controlling/putting down someone/movement by force/act of fear

Question 2

Give an example of repression

Answer 2

Arresting anti-Japanese elements

Question 3

Define resistance

Answer 3

1. Referral to accept something/someone
2. Fighting back(passively/aggressively)

Question 4

State an example of resistance

Answer 4

Anti-Japanese trying to sabotage/kill Japanese officials

Question 5

How did the Japanese come to power in Singapore?

Answer 5

Fight both locals and British to gain control

Question 6

Why would the Japanese need to establish control in Singapore?

Answer 6

Not exactly welcomed by the locals and British

Question 7

Who are the kempeitai? What did they do?

Answer 7

Military police established control and order in Singapore under Japanese rule

Question 8

What was the reputation of the kempetai, who meted out the punishments, among locals in Singapore? Why?

Answer 8

The kempeitai had the reputation of being harsh,brutal because the kempeitai would arrest/kill anyone who was suspected anti-Japanese were executed those who were caught looting and displayed their heads publicly.

Question 9

What sort of impact did the Kempeitai’s reputation have on locals in Singapore?

Answer 9

Locals in Singapore felt afraid and became
1. Compliant because afraid of the consequences
2. Suspicious of one another as the Japanese rewarded those who informed them of potential anti-Japanese elements(traitors)

Question 10

How did meting out harsh punishments help the Japanese establish control?

Answer 10

1. Made the locals reluctant/hesitant/fearful in participating in anti-Japanese movements
2. Made it difficult for the anti-Japanese movements to gain more supporters
3. Have to obey out of fear for the brutal/harsh consequences of being suspected to be anti-Japanese

Question 11

How do you think the locals viewed the British when they were captured as POWs? Why?

Answer 11

Betrayed
- white people supremacy but fell to Asian power; not as powerful as they seemed;lost

Question 12

Why do you think the Japanese forced them to march in public to Changi prison?

Answer 12

1. Humiliate the British
2. Make the Japanese look powerful so that locals will fear and respect them

Question 13

Why were the Japanese singling out the Chinese community?

Answer 13

The Chinese community had sent money back to contribute to china’s fight against Japan and boycotted Japanese goods
Thus:
Bore a grudge against the Chinese

Question 14

How was Operation Sook Ching carried out?

Answer 14

Got all Chinese aged 18-50 years old to report to screening centres to be scanned by Japanese
Those who were suspected to be anti-Japanese were killed

Question 15

What did Operation Sook Ching hope to achieve?

Answer 15

1. Remove anti-jap denaults
2. inflict fear upon locals and gain control by:
   - punishment/force
   - make themselves superior to British

Question 16

What was the impact of Operation Sook Ching on the locals in Singapore? How
did Operation Sook Ching help the Japanese establish control?

Answer 16

Deaths:25,000 - 50,000
Locals lived in fear of being killed under Japanese rule so they did not dare to go against them

Question 17

Define propaganda

Answer 17

Info usually misleading, biased, used to promote a political(political,economic, social) cause or POV

Question 18

Why do you think the Japanese would need to publish such propaganda?

Answer 18

Conserve ammunition, resources for fighting war

Question 19

What was daily life under the Japanese?

Answer 19

Daily life in Singapore was harsh, challenging and difficult
This was because of the shortage of food, outbreak of diseases - death(poor sanitation and living conditions + lack of food)

Question 20

Describe sanitation in Singapore and the availability of healthcare in Singapore
under the British colonial government before the Japanese invaded.

Answer 20

Sanitation - basic, remained relatively poor

Question 21

How do you think the Japanese Occupation and the disruption war brought affected healthcare in Singapore?

Answer 21

Healthcare would not be prioritised; sanitation and living conditions worsened

Question 22

What impact did that, as well as the aforementioned food shortages, have on
peoples’ health?

Answer 22

Negatively impacted: diseases would easily spread
Malnourished: diseases such as beri-beri(lacking of vitamins)

Question 23

How did the Japanese treat the Malays in Singapore?

Answer 23

• loyalty giving benefits
• free food during Hari-Raya
  (Treated them better had privileges such as food, education was provided; more supportive)

Question 24

How do you think the people in Singapore would react to the end of Japanese rule?

Answer 24

People in singapore would cheer because they were out of the Japanese rule(hated Japan)

Question 25

What event pushed the Japanese to surrender to the British in august 1945?

Answer 25

Dropping of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Question 26

How did locals in Singapore react towards the British return to Singapore to take over the governance of Singapore? Why?

Answer 26

Relief that British returned(back to normal) - Locals were fine with the British before and after but impression of British became worse

Question 27

What was the situation when the British returned to power? (Food shortages)

Answer 27

1. Rice producing countries(e.g. Thailand)unable to produce enough to sell 2. Ships destroyed - harbour blocked - few warehouse available - food nor distributed 3. Wartime and postwar disruption of production and shipping

Question 28

What actions did the BMA take? What was the outcome of those actions?(food shortages)

Answer 28

1. Cleared harbour so that ships could come and trade;bring resources 2. Controlled prices of essential supplies - fresh fish, vegetables - make these resources affordable 3. Free food for children below 6 years old - ensure that people had food to eat

Question 29

What was the situation when the British returned to power?(economic difficulties)

Answer 29

1. Banana note official currency - no straits dollar(have to borrow) 2. Trade disrupted - no income 3. drastic inflation;prices were very high - money had little to no value - thriving black market

Question 30

What actions did the BMA take? What was the outcome of those actions? (Economic difficulties)

Answer 30

- special grants to locals(free money to help) but: not enough for large families - declared banana notes were no longer the official currency This resolved the money being worthless and help the locals be able to afford necessities

Question 31

What was the situation when the British returned to power?(schooling disruption)

Answer 31

1. War disrupted schooling - Chinese school closed - education was put on pause While the Japanese promised greater educational opportunities, the war had disrupted the schooling

Question 32

What actions did the BMA take to solve the problem on education?What was the outcome of those actions?

Answer 32

Reopened schools quickly on October 1945(included overage children as well for children from needy families) - schooling age and average grants + waived school fees (62,000 students enrolled by 1946)