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islamic studies > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what is hadith?

A
  • hadith is a report about a saying, action or approval of our prophet
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2
Q

What is hadith after the quran

A
  • it is the most important source of guidance after the quran
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3
Q

How did the sahaba preserve the hadith

A
  • writing
  • memorising
  • practicing
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4
Q

who were some famous companions who compiled hadith?

A
  • sayidunnah abdullah ibn umar 2000 hadith
  • sayidunnah abdullah ibn amr
  • sayidunna abu hurrayra
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5
Q

what happened during the caliphate of umar ibn abdul aziz?

A
  • period after the death of the prophet
    these compilations of hadith were collected, by tracing them to each companion, - musnad texts
  • period of compilation under state instruction
  • in this time scholars were commissioned to gather hadith into chapters according to subject and theme - musannaf texts
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6
Q

what happened during the first period of compilation

A
  • this was during the lifetime of the prophet
  • companions always tried to observe the actions of the prophet and remember sayings by applying them to daily lives
  • hazrat abdullah bin umar used to write whatever he heard from the prophet
  • more than 2000 hadith were attributed to him
  • the companions acted and wrote individually what the holy prophet said
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7
Q

what happend during the third period of compilation? (golden era)

A
  • this was the period that began with the death of all the companions
  • muslims had to rely on the communication of others - chain of transmission
  • to ensure no false hadith a science was developed which scrutinised how hadith reached people
  • the ones suspected to be fabricated were rejected
  • they said that texts should not conflict with the holy quran an existing hadith
  • imam bukhari was first to compile a volume of 600,000 hadith based on his scrutiny - took 16 years to compile
  • imam muslims also developed a criteria and compiled hadith
    muslim and bukhari were the most authentic collectors.
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8
Q

Hadith is derived from what word…

A
  • tahdis meaning to inform
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9
Q

what are the three periods of compilation..

A
  • during the lifetime of the prophet
  • during the caliphate of umar ibn abdul aziz
  • golden era
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10
Q

who is sahabi

A
  • someone who saw and followed the prophet
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11
Q

who were the earliest collections compiled by

A
  • compiled by the sahaba or their succesor (tabi’een)
  • these are called sahifa collections
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12
Q

what are some examples of sahifa texts

A
  • sahifa or sayidunna abu hurrayra
  • sahifa sadiqa by sayduna amr ibn al as
  • sahifa amr ibn azam
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13
Q

what is the classification of hadith?

A
  • hadith books are classified to show the type of hadith they contain, criteria of compilation or their themes
  • there are 7 main types of collections
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14
Q

What are the 7 main types of collections

A
  • musannaf
  • musnad
  • mu’jam
  • jami
  • sunan
  • mustadrak
  • araba’ iniyyat
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15
Q

What is musannaf?

A
  • Comprehensive collections which contain Hadith relating to belief, law, piety, Tafsir, history, biography and geography etc.
  • They are gathered into chapters
  • Famous collections include, Muwatta Imam Malik and Sahih Muslim
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16
Q

What is musnad

A
  • Collections arranged by the names of the narrators, regardless of subject matter
  • The collectors of a Musnad is called a Musnid
  • Famous collections include, Musnad Imam Ahmad (30,000 Hadith from 700 Sahaba) and the Musnad of Imam Abdul Rahman
  • (Hadith from 1300 Sahaba)
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17
Q

What is mu’ jam

A
  • Collections of various subjects listed in alphabetical order (similar to a Musanaf)
  • e.g. the collection of Tabari
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18
Q

What is jami?

A
  • Collections which contain Hadith on the eight main topics (Belief, law, piety, manners, Tafsir, history, Seerah and virtues/vices of people and places)
  • E.g. Sahih Bukhari and Muslim
19
Q

What is sunan?

A
  • Collections based on legal rulings
  • E.g. Sunan Abu Dawood and Nasai
20
Q

What is mustadrak?

A
  • Collections which include Hadith which meet the criteria of a previous compiler but were left out.
  • E.g. Mustadrak of Imam Hakim
21
Q

What is araba ‘iniyyat

A
  • Collections of 40 hadith on a particular subject.
  • Eg 40 hadith of Imam Nawawi
22
Q

What are two types of hadith texts

A
  • qudsi
  • nabawi
23
Q

what is qudsi

A
  • words and meanings from allah
  • starts with allah says
  • usually about the relationship with allah and humans - tawhid and ahkirah
  • these are sayings
24
Q

What is Nabawi

A
  • words and meanings from the prophet
  • starts with the prophet says
  • usually about law and legal issues
  • over 1000 hadiths
  • these are sayings and actions
25
Q

ilm rijal

A
  • biographies of narrators
26
Q

Ilm Jarh wa Ta’deel

A
  • two main principles to judge the authenticity of hadith
27
Q

Riwayat

A
  • examining chain of transmission
28
Q

Dhirayat

A
  • examing text of hadith
29
Q

Who were the main compilers of hadith?

A
  • Imam Bukahri
  • Imam Muslim
  • Imam Abu Daud
  • Imam al - Tirmidhi
  • Imam al - Nasai
  • Imam Ibn Maja
30
Q

Imam Bukhari

A
  • 194 A.H - 256 A.H
  • sharp photographic memory
  • finished studies at 11, immersed himself in hadith
  • in 6 years mastered his knowledge
  • travelled to madinah to perform pilgrimage
  • throughout life displayed a devoted and saintly scholar
  • never showed ill tempered to anyone
  • Sahih al Bukhari is the most important of his books
31
Q

Imam Muslim

A
  • 203 A.H - 261 A.h
  • learned and excelled at precious age, focused attention to hadith
  • visited important centers, attended lectures
  • character said to be admirable
  • like Imam Bukhari adhered to usual islamic ethics
  • refused to speak ill of anyone
  • wrote a good number of books
32
Q

Imam Abu Daud

A
  • 203 A.H - 275 A.H
  • began series of journey is search of hadith
  • received bulk of his hadith training in Basra
  • met most of the traditionalists of his time
  • encyclopedic knowledge of traditions, photographic memory, upright character and his kindliness recognized by all traditionalist
33
Q

Imam Al - Tirmidhi

A
  • 206 A.H - 379 A.H
  • traveled loads for hadith and visiting great centers of islamic learning
  • able to associate with traditionalist (Imam Bukhari, Muslims, Abu Daud)
  • possessed a remarkably sharp and retentive memory
34
Q

Imam Al - Nasai

A
  • 214 or 215 A.H - 303 A.H
  • at the age of 15 studied hadith for over a year
  • travelled widely in pursuit of hadith
  • he compiled a book on the merits of hazrat Ali to guide people who had erroneous views against hazrat Ali
  • recognized as the leading traditionalist of his time
35
Q

Imam Ibn Maja

A
  • visited important centers of learning
  • studied under the great traditions of his day
  • compiled several works in the area of hadith
  • most important one is sunan ibn-e maja
36
Q

What were the six authentic books called

A
  • Sahih Bukhari
  • Sahih Muslims
  • Sunan Abu Daud
  • Jami Tirmidhi
  • Sunan Nasai
  • Sunan Ibn Majah
37
Q

Sahih Bukhari

A
  • most important work in hadith
  • considered to be the most reliable collection of hadith by almost all muhadditheen (traditionalist)
  • Imam Bukhari sort aid in prayer before recording any tradition
  • weighed every word he wrote with scrupulous accuracy
  • 9802 of hadith
38
Q

Sahih Muslim

A
  • 9200 hadith which muhadditheen unimanimoulsy regarded as absolutely sahih
  • imam muslim observed many principles of the science of hadith
  • he was more strict and consistent than imam bukhari in pointing out the differences
  • imam muslim deleted everything which he thought was defective
  • sahih al bukhari and sahih muslim are called al sahihain - the two most authentic collections
39
Q

Sunan Abu Daud

A
  • Imam Abu Daud said to have examined 500,000 hadith and selected 4,800 for this book
  • he selected most reliable traditions know to him on the subject fiqh
  • adopted method of arranging hadith under topics
  • noble book that no one else before has assembled
40
Q

Jami Tirmidhi

A
  • contains traditions on legal dogmatic and historical - have been accepted by jurists
  • recognised as one of the most important works of hadith literature
  • divided into 50 chapters and 3956 hadith
41
Q

Sunan Nasai

A
  • contains 5662 hadith and divided into chapters
  • imam Nasai best evaluator of his time
42
Q

Sunan Ibn Majah

A
  • compiled by Imam Muhammed bin Yazid bin Majah
  • contains 4341 hadith, over 32 books and 1500 chaoters
  • less repetition and one of the best in arrangement of chapters
43
Q

What are the four sources of shariah law

A
  • quran
  • sunnah
  • ijma
  • qiyas
44
Q

What does Sunnah mean

A
  • the way which people regularly and habitually follow
  • sunnah signifies all sayings, actions and silence of the holy prophet

islamic studies (5 decks)

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