Chapter 6 Flashcards
1
Q
what is hadith?
A
- hadith is a report about a saying, action or approval of our prophet
2
Q
What is hadith after the quran
A
- it is the most important source of guidance after the quran
3
Q
How did the sahaba preserve the hadith
A
- writing
- memorising
- practicing
4
Q
who were some famous companions who compiled hadith?
A
- sayidunnah abdullah ibn umar 2000 hadith
- sayidunnah abdullah ibn amr
- sayidunna abu hurrayra
5
Q
what happened during the caliphate of umar ibn abdul aziz?
A
- period after the death of the prophet
these compilations of hadith were collected, by tracing them to each companion, - musnad texts - period of compilation under state instruction
- in this time scholars were commissioned to gather hadith into chapters according to subject and theme - musannaf texts
6
Q
what happened during the first period of compilation
A
- this was during the lifetime of the prophet
- companions always tried to observe the actions of the prophet and remember sayings by applying them to daily lives
- hazrat abdullah bin umar used to write whatever he heard from the prophet
- more than 2000 hadith were attributed to him
- the companions acted and wrote individually what the holy prophet said
7
Q
what happend during the third period of compilation? (golden era)
A
- this was the period that began with the death of all the companions
- muslims had to rely on the communication of others - chain of transmission
- to ensure no false hadith a science was developed which scrutinised how hadith reached people
- the ones suspected to be fabricated were rejected
- they said that texts should not conflict with the holy quran an existing hadith
- imam bukhari was first to compile a volume of 600,000 hadith based on his scrutiny - took 16 years to compile
- imam muslims also developed a criteria and compiled hadith
muslim and bukhari were the most authentic collectors.
8
Q
Hadith is derived from what word…
A
- tahdis meaning to inform
9
Q
what are the three periods of compilation..
A
- during the lifetime of the prophet
- during the caliphate of umar ibn abdul aziz
- golden era
10
Q
who is sahabi
A
- someone who saw and followed the prophet
11
Q
who were the earliest collections compiled by
A
- compiled by the sahaba or their succesor (tabi’een)
- these are called sahifa collections
12
Q
what are some examples of sahifa texts
A
- sahifa or sayidunna abu hurrayra
- sahifa sadiqa by sayduna amr ibn al as
- sahifa amr ibn azam
13
Q
what is the classification of hadith?
A
- hadith books are classified to show the type of hadith they contain, criteria of compilation or their themes
- there are 7 main types of collections
14
Q
What are the 7 main types of collections
A
- musannaf
- musnad
- mu’jam
- jami
- sunan
- mustadrak
- araba’ iniyyat
15
Q
What is musannaf?
A
- Comprehensive collections which contain Hadith relating to belief, law, piety, Tafsir, history, biography and geography etc.
- They are gathered into chapters
- Famous collections include, Muwatta Imam Malik and Sahih Muslim
16
Q
What is musnad
A
- Collections arranged by the names of the narrators, regardless of subject matter
- The collectors of a Musnad is called a Musnid
- Famous collections include, Musnad Imam Ahmad (30,000 Hadith from 700 Sahaba) and the Musnad of Imam Abdul Rahman
- (Hadith from 1300 Sahaba)
17
Q
What is mu’ jam
A
- Collections of various subjects listed in alphabetical order (similar to a Musanaf)
- e.g. the collection of Tabari
18
Q
What is jami?
A
- Collections which contain Hadith on the eight main topics (Belief, law, piety, manners, Tafsir, history, Seerah and virtues/vices of people and places)
- E.g. Sahih Bukhari and Muslim
19
Q
What is sunan?
A
- Collections based on legal rulings
- E.g. Sunan Abu Dawood and Nasai
20
Q
What is mustadrak?
A
- Collections which include Hadith which meet the criteria of a previous compiler but were left out.
- E.g. Mustadrak of Imam Hakim
21
Q
What is araba ‘iniyyat
A
- Collections of 40 hadith on a particular subject.
- Eg 40 hadith of Imam Nawawi
22
Q
What are two types of hadith texts
A
- qudsi
- nabawi
23
Q
what is qudsi
A
- words and meanings from allah
- starts with allah says
- usually about the relationship with allah and humans - tawhid and ahkirah
- these are sayings
24
Q
What is Nabawi
A
- words and meanings from the prophet
- starts with the prophet says
- usually about law and legal issues
- over 1000 hadiths
- these are sayings and actions
25
Q
ilm rijal
A
- biographies of narrators
26
Q
Ilm Jarh wa Ta’deel
A
- two main principles to judge the authenticity of hadith
27
Q
Riwayat
A
- examining chain of transmission
28
Q
Dhirayat
A
- examing text of hadith
29
Q
Who were the main compilers of hadith?
A
- Imam Bukahri
- Imam Muslim
- Imam Abu Daud
- Imam al - Tirmidhi
- Imam al - Nasai
- Imam Ibn Maja
30
Q
Imam Bukhari
A
- 194 A.H - 256 A.H
- sharp photographic memory
- finished studies at 11, immersed himself in hadith
- in 6 years mastered his knowledge
- travelled to madinah to perform pilgrimage
- throughout life displayed a devoted and saintly scholar
- never showed ill tempered to anyone
- Sahih al Bukhari is the most important of his books
31
Q
Imam Muslim
A
- 203 A.H - 261 A.h
- learned and excelled at precious age, focused attention to hadith
- visited important centers, attended lectures
- character said to be admirable
- like Imam Bukhari adhered to usual islamic ethics
- refused to speak ill of anyone
- wrote a good number of books
32
Q
Imam Abu Daud
A
- 203 A.H - 275 A.H
- began series of journey is search of hadith
- received bulk of his hadith training in Basra
- met most of the traditionalists of his time
- encyclopedic knowledge of traditions, photographic memory, upright character and his kindliness recognized by all traditionalist
33
Q
Imam Al - Tirmidhi
A
- 206 A.H - 379 A.H
- traveled loads for hadith and visiting great centers of islamic learning
- able to associate with traditionalist (Imam Bukhari, Muslims, Abu Daud)
- possessed a remarkably sharp and retentive memory
34
Q
Imam Al - Nasai
A
- 214 or 215 A.H - 303 A.H
- at the age of 15 studied hadith for over a year
- travelled widely in pursuit of hadith
- he compiled a book on the merits of hazrat Ali to guide people who had erroneous views against hazrat Ali
- recognized as the leading traditionalist of his time
35
Q
Imam Ibn Maja
A
- visited important centers of learning
- studied under the great traditions of his day
- compiled several works in the area of hadith
- most important one is sunan ibn-e maja
36
Q
What were the six authentic books called
A
- Sahih Bukhari
- Sahih Muslims
- Sunan Abu Daud
- Jami Tirmidhi
- Sunan Nasai
- Sunan Ibn Majah
37
Q
Sahih Bukhari
A
- most important work in hadith
- considered to be the most reliable collection of hadith by almost all muhadditheen (traditionalist)
- Imam Bukhari sort aid in prayer before recording any tradition
- weighed every word he wrote with scrupulous accuracy
- 9802 of hadith
38
Q
Sahih Muslim
A
- 9200 hadith which muhadditheen unimanimoulsy regarded as absolutely sahih
- imam muslim observed many principles of the science of hadith
- he was more strict and consistent than imam bukhari in pointing out the differences
- imam muslim deleted everything which he thought was defective
- sahih al bukhari and sahih muslim are called al sahihain - the two most authentic collections
39
Q
Sunan Abu Daud
A
- Imam Abu Daud said to have examined 500,000 hadith and selected 4,800 for this book
- he selected most reliable traditions know to him on the subject fiqh
- adopted method of arranging hadith under topics
- noble book that no one else before has assembled
40
Q
Jami Tirmidhi
A
- contains traditions on legal dogmatic and historical - have been accepted by jurists
- recognised as one of the most important works of hadith literature
- divided into 50 chapters and 3956 hadith
41
Q
Sunan Nasai
A
- contains 5662 hadith and divided into chapters
- imam Nasai best evaluator of his time
42
Q
Sunan Ibn Majah
A
- compiled by Imam Muhammed bin Yazid bin Majah
- contains 4341 hadith, over 32 books and 1500 chaoters
- less repetition and one of the best in arrangement of chapters
43
Q
What are the four sources of shariah law
A
- quran
- sunnah
- ijma
- qiyas
44
Q
What does Sunnah mean
A
- the way which people regularly and habitually follow
- sunnah signifies all sayings, actions and silence of the holy prophet
