Chapter 6 Flashcards
how many Loyalists/Tories
1 in 5 = 20% up to 1 in 3 = 33%
Nathan Hale
officer in Continental Army; spy for colonists; captured & killed; quote on pg 142
length of service for soldiers
one year; needed them longer
independence declared
July 1776; then had to fight for it
British advantages
strong navy; well-trained army; wealthy empire; larger population
Peter Salem
African American Patriot; gained freedom for his service
Friedrich von Steuben
trained Continental Army at Valley Forge
Continental Army
Patriot (colonial) forces
guerilla warfare
hit-and-run techniques; surprise attacks
privateers
merchant warships; guy with ship going to fight for Americans
synonym for Loyalists
Tories
Valley Forge
winter of terrible suffering for Americans
Washington after war
planned to retire & live quiet life at Mount Vernon
Loyalist stronghold
Carolinas & Georgia
African American soldiers
not allowed at first; all black regiment in Rhode Island; never allowed in South Carolina
Battle of Yorktown
trapped Cornwallis; French cut off water escape; British surrendered; convinced British to stop fighting
Marquis de Lafayette
volunteer from France; Washington’s trusted aide
Patriots
supported independence
cause of inflation during war
Congress printed lots of paper $; no gold/silver to back it up; bills lost value; goods cost more
ESSAY: Patriot advantages
- fighting on own land; knew the land
- fighting for own freedom; fighting spirit
- leadership of G. Washington
- more reasons to fight than British or Hessians
- didn’t have to ship goods across ocean
ESSAY: Patriot disadvantages
- smaller population; fewer solders
- no regular army or navy
- no experienced soldiers or officers
- not enough weapons/ ammunition
- disagreements among colonists; some were neutral or Loyalists
- no ability to raise $ w/taxes
- many soldiers signed up for only 1 year
