Chapter 14 Flashcards
date telegraph invented
1844
date steam-powered locomotive invented
1829
Harriet Tubman
escaped from slavery; returned to South many times to help others escape to freedom
how industrialization changed work
workers’ tasks changed b/c of specialization
plantation owners
own lots of land & many enslaved workers = wealthy
immigrants & culture
brought language, customs, traditions, foods, religions to U.S.
literacy
ability to read & write
trade union
group of workers w/same skill
capital
money to invest
credit
purchase goods with loaned money
discrimination
unfair treatment of a specific group
average work day
11.4 hours/day
spirituals
African Americans expressed beliefs in religious folk songs
Great Train Wreck of 1856
head-on collision in Pennsylvania
nativists
people opposed to immigration
cotton gin led to…
more cotton grown; need more enslaved workers; domestic slave trade increases
literacy in South
fewer people per square mile; people couldn’t send kids long distances to school; thought education was a private matter; reserved for wealthy in many cases
working conditions in factories
long hours + dangerous moving parts + no protective shields = on-the-job accidents/injuries
ESSAY: In the South, what was the relationship between increased cotton production and the increased number of enslaved African Americans?
- Southern economy depends on slave labor
- invention of cotton gin in 1793 (could harvest 50x faster)
- increased demand for cotton in Britain
- planters want to grow more cotton
- need more enslaved workers to plant/harvest
- domestic slave trade increases b/c no more importation of slaves after 1808
