CHAPTER 6 Flashcards
A SOLUTION THAT HAS A PH BELOW 7 (NEUTRAL)
ACIDIC SOLUTION
WHEN ACIDS ARE MIXED WITH ALKALIS IN EQUAL PROPORTIONS, BALANCING THE TOTAL PH AND FORMING WATER (H2O) AND A SALT
ACID- ALKALI NEUTRALIZATION
A SOLUTION THAT HAS A PH ABOVE 7 ( NEUTRAL)
ALKALINE SOLUTION
ALSO KNOWN AS BASES; COMPOUNDS THAT REACT WITH ACIDS TO FORM SALTS
ALKALIS
ABBREVIATED SUBSTANCES USED TO NEUTRALIZE OR RAISE THE PH OF MANY HAIR PRODUCTS
ALKANOLAMINES
COLORLESS GAS WITH A PUNGENT ORDER THAT IS COMPOSED OF HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN
AMMONIA
ABBREVIATED AHAS; ACIDS DERIVED FROM PLANTS ( MOSTLY FRUIT) THAT ARE OFTEN USED TO EXFOLIATE THE SKIN
ALPHA HYDROXY ACIDS
AN ION WITH A NEGATIVE ELECTRICAL CHARGE
ANION
THE SMALLEST CHEMICAL COMPONENTS (OFTEN CALLED PARTICLES) OF AN ELEMNT STRUCTURES THAT MAKE UP THE ELEMENT AND HAVE THE SMALL PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENT
ATOMS
A SUBSTANCE THAT CAUSES OR IS BELIEVED TO CAUSE CANCER
CARCINOGEN
AN ION WITH A POSITIVE ELECTRICAL CHARGE
CATION
A CHANGE IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OR MAKEUP OF A SUBSTANCE
CHEMICAL CHANGE
CHARACTERISTICS THAT CAAN BE DETERMINED ONLY BY A CHEMICAL REACTION AND A CHEMICAL CHAGE IN THE SUBSTANCE
CHEMICAL PROPERTIESS
SCIENCE THAT DEALS WITH RHE COMPOSITION, STRUCTURES, AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND HOW MATTER CHANGES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITONS
CHEMISTRY
MATERIAL THBAT IS CAPABLE OF IGNITING AND BURNING
COMBUSTIBLE
RAPID OXIDATION OF A SUBSTANCE ACCOMPANIED BY THE PRODUCTION OF HEAT AND LIGHT
COMBUSTION
ALSO KNOW AS COMPOUNDS; CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE ATOMS OF DIFFERENT ELEMENTS IN DEFINITE ( FIXED) PROPORTIONS
COMPOUND MOLECULES
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES WITH A NEGATIVE CHARGE
ELECTRONS
THE SIMPLEST FORM OF CHEMICAL MATTER; AN ELEMENT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCE WITHOUT A LOSS OF IDENTITY
ELEMENT
MOLECULE CONTAINING TWO OR MORE ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMNNT IN DEFINITE ( FIXED) PROPORTIONS
ELEMENTAL MOLECULE
AN INGREDIENT THAT BRINGS TWO OR MORE INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS TOGETHER AND BINDS THEM INTO A UNIFORM AND FAIRLY STABLE MIXTURE
EMULSIFIER
CHEMICAL REACTION THAT REQUIRES THE ABSORPTION OF ENERGY OR HEAT FROM A EXTERNAL SOURCE FOR THE REACTION TO OCCUR
ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
CHEMICAL REACTION THAT RELEASES A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF HEAT
EXOTHERMIC REACTION
MATERIAL THAT IS CAPABLE OF LIGHTING AND BURNING, AND EASIER TO IGNITE THN COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL
FLAMMABLE
SWEET, COLORLESS, OILY SUBSTANCE USED AS A SOLVENT AND AS A MOISTURIZER IN SKIN AND BODY CREAMS
GLYCERIN
San alpha hydroxy acid used in exfoliation and to lower the oh of products.
Glycolic acid
Capable of combining with or attracting water ( water loving)
Hydrophilic
Liquids that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions
IMMISCIBLE
Substances that should not be mixed or even stored near each other
Incompatible
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
Ion
The separation of an atom or molecule and negative ions
Ionization
Ahaving an affinity for or an attraction to fat and oils (oil loving )
Lipophilic
Any substances that occupies space and has mass (weight)
Matter
Liquids that are mutually soluble, meaning that they can be mixed together to form stable solutions
Miscible
A chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions
Molecule
A substance that causes an increase in cellular mutations, some of which are harmful but others which have little or no effect on the body’s function; may cause cancer but not always
Mutagen
Subatomic particles with no charge
Neutrons
