chapter 6-10 vocab (history 101)

Question 1

Senate

Answer 1

an advisory council first to the kings and later to the annually changing republican officials

Question 2

Republic

Answer 2

the supreme power is held by the male citizens

Question 3

Julius Caesar

Answer 3

a general who later became the leader of rome

Question 4

Pax Romana

Answer 4

the peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

Question 5

Romanization

Answer 5

the spread of the latin language and roman way of life

Question 6

Apostle Paul

Answer 6

a jew from the greek city of tarsus in southeast anatolia; he was a missionary

Question 7

Constantine

Answer 7

Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

Question 8

Byzantium

Answer 8

the ancient Greek city on the site that later became Constantinople.

Question 9

Great Wall

Answer 9

a defensive wall in N China constructed as a defence against the Mongols

Question 10

subcontinent

Answer 10

a large and physically isolated landmass

Question 11

vedas

Answer 11

religious texts that are our main source of information about the vedic age

Question 12

monsoon

Answer 12

seasonal wind in the region of Southern Asia

Question 13

varna

Answer 13

any of the four Hindu castes

Question 14

karma

Answer 14

destiny or fate of a person

Question 15

buddha

Answer 15

Indian religious leader: founder of Buddhism; “the enlightened one”

Question 16

mahabharata

Answer 16

an epic poem of India dealing mainly with the conflict between the Pandavas and the Kauravas

Question 17

srivijaya

Answer 17

a dominant city-state on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia

Question 18

mesoamerica

Answer 18

a region of great geographic and climatic diversity;

area extending approximately from central Mexico to Honduras

Question 19

olmec

Answer 19

ancient people who lived near southern east coast of mexico

Question 20

llamas

Answer 20

the only domesticated animal for transportation in the americas

Question 21

teotihuacan

Answer 21

city located 30 miles northeast of modern mexico city

Question 22

maya

Answer 22

civilization in guatemala, honduras, belize, and southern mexico

Question 23

toltecs

Answer 23

American Indian people that prospered in Mexico before the Aztecs.

Question 24

anasazi

Answer 24

a number of dispersed desert cultures located in what is now the Four Corners in the us

Question 25

inca

Answer 25

; empire centered in what is now Peru

Question 26

mound builders

Answer 26

American Indian tribes who built altar-mounds

Question 27

the silk road

Answer 27

ancient trade route that extended from China to the Mediterranean Sea

Question 28

parthians

Answer 28

people originally from east of the caspian sea

Question 29

sahel

Answer 29

the southern borderlands of the sahara dessert

Question 30

bantu

Answer 30

a group of Niger–Congo languages spoken in central and southern Africa,

Question 31

sassanid empire

Answer 31

the last Iranian empire before the rise of Islam

Question 32

zoroastrianism

Answer 32

a monotheistic iranian religion of ancient Persia founded by the prophet Zoroaster

Question 33

mecca

Answer 33

The birthplace of Muhammad, and thus the holiest city for Muslims.

Question 34

muhammad

Answer 34

a man from Mecca who unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam. (the final prophet)

Question 35

muslim

Answer 35

a follower of the religion of Islam.

Question 36

islam

Answer 36

A monotheistic religion, founded by Muhammad,

Question 37

umma

Answer 37

the whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion.

Question 38

caliphate

Answer 38

the office or dominion of a caliph

Question 39

koran

Answer 39

the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the word of God

Question 40

umayyad

Answer 40

a member of a Muslim dynasty which ruled the Caliphate

Question 41

mamluks

Answer 41

turkish slaves

Question 42

ulama

Answer 42

the scholars of islam

Question 43

madrasa

Answer 43

a college for Islamic instruction.