Chapter 57 Notes

Question 1

Covers the cord and blends with the fetal skin at the umbilicus

Answer 1

Amnion

Question 2

Carries oxygenated blood to the fetus

Answer 2

Veins

Question 3

Brings deoxygenated blood back to the placenta

Answer 3

Arteries

Question 4

Umbilical cord forms in first ______ of gestation

Answer 4

5 weeks

Question 5

Umbilical cord is covered in a mucous tissue called

Answer 5

Wharton’s jelly

Question 6

Umbilical cord diameter usually measures ______

Answer 6

1-2 cm

Question 7

Normal length of the umbilical cord

Answer 7

40-60 cm

Question 8

Umbilical arteries become become the ________ immediately after birth, and then they become the ______ of the bladder

Answer 8

Superior vesicle arteries, lateral ligaments of bladder

Question 9

Umbilical cord in the transverse view ______

Answer 9

Mickey Mouse sign

Question 10

Short umbilical cord measures ______

Answer 10

Less than 35cm

Question 11

Longer than normal umbilical cord measures ______

Answer 11

Over 80 cm

Question 12

Longer than normal umbilical cord is associated with _______

Answer 12

Polyhydramnios

Question 13

Short umbilical cord is associated with ________

Answer 13

Oligohydramnios

Question 14

Umbilical coiling: a _____ twist is more common (7:1)

Answer 14

Left twist

Question 15

Umbilical coiling: a “______” twist has a higher incidence of fetal anomalies

Answer 15

Right

Question 16

Umbilical cord masses are usually _________ or allantoic in origin

Answer 16

Omphalomesenteric

Question 17

Umbilical cord masses tend to occur near the ______ of the cord

Answer 17

Fetal end

Question 18

Umbilical cord masses are generally small measuring less than _____

Answer 18

2cm

Question 19

Hemangioma of the cord is a nodule in the transepitheal cells of the main vessels of the umbilical cord surrounded by ______ and a myxomatous degeneration of ___________

Answer 19

Edema, Wharton’s jelly

Question 20

Hematoma of the cord is due ____ of umbilical vessels causing extravasation of blood into Wharton’s jelly

Answer 20

Trauma

Question 21

Hematoma of the cord is usually near the

Answer 21

Fetal insertion of the cord

Question 22

Umbilical vessels thrombosis Has a higher incidence in _______

Answer 22

Diabetic mothers

Question 23

Umbilical cord “true knots” are associated with:

Answer 23

Polyhydramnios, IUGR, Monoamniotic twins

Question 24

umbilicalcord Knots “false knots” occur when the _________

Answer 24

Blood vessels are longer than the cord

Question 25

________ cord is the most common cord entanglement

Answer 25

Nuchal cord

Question 26

Nuchal cord may result in

Answer 26

Fetal heart deceleration

Question 27

Nuchal cord is multiple coils seen around

Answer 27

The fetal neck

Question 28

The presence of umbilical cord vessels crossing the internal os of cervix….

Answer 28

Vasa previa

Question 29

Two most common causes of vasa previa

Answer 29

Velamentous cord insertion and accessory lobe

Question 30

Occurs when the court lies below presenting fetal part

Answer 30

Cord prolapse

Question 31

Cord prolapse is at a higher risk with fetus in _______ or __________ Position

Answer 31

Transverse, breach

Question 32

1/3 of cord prolapse problems are produced during

Answer 32

Obstetric procedures

Question 33

A.k.a. two vessel cord

Answer 33

Single umbilical artery

Question 34

Occurs when there is one artery and one vein

Answer 34

Single umbilical artery

Question 35

Focal dilation of umbilical artery

Answer 35

Aneurysm

Question 36

Focal dilation of umbilical vein

Answer 36

Varix

Question 37

On ultrasound the umbilical vein curves toward the left-sided stomach instead of towards the liver

Answer 37

Persistent intrahepatic right portal vein