chapter 50 ob 1st trimester complications

Question 1

most common presentation for complications

Answer 1

bleeding

Question 2

embryo must be visualized transvaginally when MSD reaches

Answer 2

25mm

Question 3

pregnancy failure definitively stated when

Answer 3

embryo is 7mm or greater without a heartbeat OR MSD is 25mm and no embryo is visible

Question 4

big gestational sac with no embryo

Answer 4

blighted ovum

Question 5

embryonic placenta, or frondosum, may become detached, resulting in formation of _______, may cause vaginal bleeding. 50% or greater fetal lose rate.

Answer 5

placental hematomas

Question 6

Most common cause of bleeding in 1st trimester

Answer 6

subchorionic hemorrhage

Question 7

textbook appearance of SCH

Answer 7

crescent moon or wedge-shaped fluid adjacent to gestational sac

Question 8

strong indicators of spontaneous abortion

Answer 8

endometrium over 8mm, increased vascularity of endometrial complex, decreased hCG levels

Question 9

most critical sign for viable pregnancy

Answer 9

cardiac activity in 1st trimester

Question 10

fetal tachycardia

Answer 10

greater than 170bpm

Question 11

simultaneous side by side appearance of amnion and yolk sac

Answer 11

double bleb sign

Question 12

amnion evaluation: abnormal development is suggested when

Answer 12

amnions’ thickness and ecogenicity is almost/same as the yolk sac

Question 13

benign form of gestational trophoblastic disease/molar pregnancy

Answer 13

hydatidiform

Question 14

malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease/molar pregnancy

Answer 14

choriocarcinoma

Question 15

patients with molar pregnancy hCG levles–

Answer 15

dramatically elevated–100,000 IU/ml or greater

Question 16

most common form of trophoblastic disease

Answer 16

complete hydatidiform mole

Question 17

sonographic characteristic of complete hydatidiform mole

Answer 17

snowstorm appearance(small cystic spaces, grape-like clusters), enlarged uterus, theca lutein cyst, hypervascularity

Question 18

most common kind of persistent trophoblastic disease

Answer 18

chorioadenoma destruens/invasive mole

Question 19

risk factors of ectopic

Answer 19

IUD, PID, fallopian tube surgeries, infertility treatments, history of ectopic

Question 20

found in 45% of patients with ectopic

Answer 20

vaginal bleeding, empty uterus, adnexal mass, positive pregnancy test

Question 21

most important finding when scanning for ectopic pregnancy

Answer 21

check for:

• normal IU gestation
• is uterine cavity empty and adnexal mass present

Question 22

20% or ectopic patients demonstrate intrauterine sac-like structure known as

Answer 22

pseuodogestational sac

Question 23

sonographic finding on ectopic pregnancy that represents active trophoblastic blood flow

Answer 23

“Ring of fire”

Question 24

combination of ______ and ________ is the most precise sonographic correlation in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

Answer 24

adnexal mass and pelvic fluid

Question 25

coexisting IUP and ectopic pregnancy

Answer 25

heterotopic pregnancy

Question 26

rapidly growing fibroids may compress gestation sac and cause

Answer 26

spontaneous abortion

Question 27

to distinguish fibroids from a focal uterine contraction

Answer 27

contraction–disappears

fibroid–stays