Chapter 54 Community Ecology

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

a group of populations of different species living close enough to interact

Question 2

competitive exlcusion

Answer 2

the concept that when populations of two similar species compete for the same limited resources, one population will use the resources more efficiently and have a reproductive advantage that will eventually lead to the elimination of the other population

Question 3

resource partitioning

Answer 3

the division of environmental resources by coexisting species such that the niche of each species differs by one or more significant factors from the niches of all coexisting species

Question 4

character displacement

Answer 4

the tendency for characteristics to be more divergent in sympatric populations of two species than in allopatric populations of the same two species

Question 5

predation

Answer 5

us a +/- interaction, with a positive effect on the survival and reproduction of the predator population and a negative effect on that of the prey population

Question 6

parasitism

Answer 6

an organism that feeds on the cell contents, tissues, or body fluids of another species while in or on the host organism

Question 7

herbivory

Answer 7

an interaction in which an organism eats part of a plant or alga

Question 8

pathogen

Answer 8

an organism or virus that causes disease

Question 9

resource partitioning

Answer 9

differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community

Question 10

character displacement

Answer 10

this tendency for characteristics to diverge more in sympatric than in allopatric populations of two species

Question 11

symbiosis

Answer 11

when individuals of two or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another