Chapter 5.3 (final) Flashcards
What is an antihypertensive?
drug that reduces high BP
define chronic
lasting a long time
What is hemodialysis?
use of a kidney machine to filter blood waste
define hypertension
high BP
define hypotension
low BP
What is renal failure?
kidneys no longer function
What is insulin?
hormone produced by the pancreas
define polydipsia
excessive thirst
define polyuria
excessive urination
What is type 1 DM?
lack of insulin in the body and patients need injections of insulin
define acute
sharp, sudden, and intense for a short time
define aura
strange sensation before more definite symptoms of illness
define cephalgia
headache
define dilation
widening
define frontal
pertaining to the front, anterior
define migraine
attack of headache, usually on one side of the head
define nausea
unpleasant sensation in the upper abdomen often leading to vomiting
define unilateral
pertaining to one side
define vasoconstrictor
drug that narrows blood vessels
treatment by operation or manual (hand) methods=
surgery
diagnosis of adult disorders and treatment with drugs =
internal medicine
diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind =
psychiatry
primary care of all family members on a continuing basis =
family practice
diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders =
dermatology
diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders=
ophthalmology
diagnosis of disease using x rays =
radiology
diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders=
pediatrics
care of patients that requires immediate action =
emergency medicine
administration of agents that cause loss of sensation=
anesthesiology
diagnosis of disease by examining cells and tissues=
pathology
What is an aneurysm?
local widening of an artery caused by weakness or breakdown in the arterial wall
define angina
chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart
define arrhythmia
abnormal heartbeat (rhythm)
define atherosclerosis
hardening of the arteries with a collection of cholesterol like plaque
define hypertension
high BP
define myocardial infarction
heart attack
define cholelithiasis
abnormal condition of gallstones
define colonic polyposis
condition in which polyps protrude from the mucus membrane lining the colon
define gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
back flow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus
define acromegaly
enlargement of the extremities caused by hyper-secretion from the pituitary gland
What is diabetes mellitus?
a disorder of the pancreas that causes an increase in blood glucose levels
type 1 DM= usually childhood onset, involves complete deficiency of insulin in the body
type 2 DM= usually adult onset, involves some insulin deficiency
define amenorrhea
absence of menstrual flow
define dysmenorrhea
painful menstrual flow
define ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy that is not in the uterus, usually occurring in the fallopian tube
What is endometriosis?
tissue from the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) occurs abnormally in other pelvic or abdominal locations (fallopian tubes, ovaries, or peritoneum)
What is benign prostatic hypertrophy?
noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland
What is cryptorchism?
condition of undescended testicle (not in the scrotal sac at birth)
define hydrocele
sac of clear fluid in the scrotum
hydr/o=
water
-cele =
hernia (bulging or swelling)
define varicocele
enlarged, swollen veins near a testicle
varic/o=
swollen veins
What is asphyxia?
extreme decrease in the amount of oxygen in the body with increase of CO2 leads to LOC or death
define atelectasis
collapsed lung
atel/o=
incomplete
-ecstasis=
dilation or expansion
define hemoptysis
spitting up blood
What is pneumonia?
inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory rxn
What is osteoporosis?
decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone
-porosis=
containing passages or spaces
What is muscular dystrophy?
an inherited disorder characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers
define hemiplegia
paralysis that affects the right or left half of the body
define meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
define paraplegia
paralysis that affects the lower portion of the body
define syncope
fainting, sudden and temporary LOC as a result of inadequate blood flow to the brain
define alopecia
absence of hair from areas where it normally grows (baldness)
define conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
define tinnitus
abnormal noise (ringing, buzzing) sound in the ears
define anuria
abnormal condition of no urine production
define glycosuria
abnormal condition of glucose in the urine
define nephrolithiasis
abnormal condition of stones in the kidney
