Chapter 4.1/4.2 (quiz 4) Flashcards
abdomin/o=
abdomen
carp/o=
carpals (wrist bones)
cis/o=
to cut
cost/o=
ribs
cutane/o=
skin
dur/o=
dura mater
gen/o=
to produce or to begin
glyc/o=
sugar
nat/i=
birth
What does neonatal mean?
newborn
What does prenatal mean?
preceding birth
What does natality mean?
the birth rate
norm/o=
rule, order
what does normal mean?
typical
What does normoblast mean?
nucleated RBC
What does normochromic mean?
normal color
plas/o=
formation, growth, development
-plasia=
formation of cells
define dysplasia
abnormal tissue development
define neoplasia
pathologic process that results in the formation and growth of a tumor, “new formation/growth”
scapul/o=
scapula
son/o=
sound
define sonic
pertaining to sound
define sonogram
image obtained by ultrasonography
thyroid/o=
thyroid gland
top/o=
to put, place, position
define topagnosis
inability to localize tactile sensations
define topalgia
pain localized in one spot/place
define topesthesia
the ability to localize a light touch applied to any part of the skin
troph/o=
development, nourishment
define trophic
relating to or dependent upon nutrition
define atrophy
wasting away of tissues, organs, or the entire body
urethr/o=
urethra
uter/o=
uterus
-ation=
process, condition
-cision=
process of cutting
-crine=
secretion
-dipsia=
thirst
-emia=
blood
-gen=
to produce
-graphy=
process of recording
-ine=
pertaining to
-lapse=
to fall, slide
-mission=
to send
-mortem=
death
-ous=
pertaining to
-partum=
birth
-phagia=
to eat, swallow
-phasia=
to speak
-plasm=
formation
-plegia=
paralysis
-pnea=
breathing
-rrhea=
flow, discharge
-stasis=
to stand, place, stop, control
-tension=
pressure
-thesis=
to put/place
-tic=
pertaining to
-um=
structure
ab- =
away from
define abduction
movement of body part away from median plane of the body
define abberation
deviating from the normal course or pattern
define abneural
away from the neural axis
define aboral
away from the mouth
ad- =
toward, near
define adduction
movement of a body part toward the median plane of the body
ana- =
up, apart
define anabiosis
resuscitation after apparent death
define anaplasia
loss of structural differentiation
What is an analysis, such as urine analysis?
separation of urine to determine its contents
ante- =
before, forward
define antegrade
in the direction or normal movement
define antecubital
in front of the elbow
define antebrachial
relating to the forearm
define antecedent
a precursor
define antecibum
before meals
define antemortem
before death
anti- =
against
define antibiotic
inhibits the growth of microorganisms
define anticlinal
inclined in opposite directions
define anticonvulsant
preventing or arresting seizures
bi- =
two, both
define bicameral
having 2 chambers
define bicellular
having 2 cells
define bicipital
2 headed, relating to the biceps muscle
define bicuspid
having 2 points, prongs, or cusps
define bifid
separated into 2 parts
define bifocal
having 2 foci
brady- =
slow
define bradycardia
slow heartbeat
define bradyglossia
slow or difficult tongue movement
define bradykinetic
slow movement
define bradypnea
slow breathing
define bradystalis
slow bowel movement
con- =
with, together
define concussion
violent shaking or jarring
define condensation
making more solid or dense
define confluent
joining, running together
define concurrent
happening together (with each other)
dia- =
through, complete
define dialysis
complete separation of blood components
define diameter
a straight line connecting 2 opposite points on the surface of a more or less spherical body
define diarrhea
abnormally frequent bowel discharge
dys- =
bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
define dysacusis
impairment of hearing
define dyspnea
difficult or abnormal breathing
define dysarthrosis
malformation of a joint
define dyskinesia
difficulty performing voluntary movements
define dyslexia
impaired reading
ec- =
out, outside
define ectopic pregnancy
a pregnancy occurring outside of the uterus
define ecchymosis
a purplish patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin
epi- =
above, upon
define epicardial
relating the epicardium
define epicondyle
a projection from a long bone near the articular extremity above the condyle
define epicranium
the muscle, aponeurosis, and skin covering (upon) the cranium
ex- =
outside
define express
to press or squeeze out
define exsanguinate
to remove or draw out the circulating blood
define extorsion
outward rotation of a limb or organ
define extract
to draw out
extra- =
outside of
define extrasystole
an ectopic beat from any source in the heart
define extravasate
to exude from or pass out of a vessel into the tissues, said of blood, lymph, or urine
define extracystic
outside of the gallbladder or urinary bladder
hemi- =
half
define hemianopia
loss of vision for one half of the visual field of one or both eyes
define hemianosmia
loss of smell on one side
define hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of the body
define hemifacial
pertaining to one side of the face
in- =
in, into
define inborn
implanted during development
define infect
to enter, invade, or inhabit another organism
inter- =
between
define interbody
between the bodies of 2 vertebrae
define interdigit
that part of the hand or foot lying between 2 adjacent fingers or toes
define interspinous
ligament between spinous processes
intra- =
within
define intracorporeal
within the body
define intravitam
during life
define intrapartum
during labor and delivery or childbirth
define intravenous
within a vein
mal- =
bad
define malabsorption
imperfect, inadequate, or otherwise disordered GI absorption
define misalignment
displacement (of a tooth or teeth) from a normal position
meta- =
change, beyond
define metastasis
“change of place”, spread of a cancerous tumor from original location to a secondary location
define metacarpal
any one of the metacarpal bones, long bones of the hands- bones beyond the carpals
neo- =
new
define neonate
newborn
define neoplasia
formation and growth of a neoplasm (tumor)
define neovascularization
proliferation of blood vessels in tissue not normally containing them
para- =
beside, near, along the side of, departure from normal
define paraballism
severe jerking movements of both legs
define parakinesia
any motor abnormality
define paralysis
loss of power of voluntary movement in muscle
define parathyroid glands
along the back side of the thyroid gland
peri- =
surrounding, around, about
define periadenitis
inflammation of the tissues surrounding a gland
define periarthritis
inflammation of the parts surrounding a joint
define pericardiac
surrounding the heart
define pericarditis
inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart (pericardium)
define pericystic
surrounding the urinary bladder
poly- =
many, much
define polyadenitis
inflammation of many lymph nodes
define periarticular
involving many joints
define polycystic
composed of many cysts
define polydactylyl
more than 5 digits on hand or foot
post- =
after, behind
define postbrachial
in the posterior part of the upper arm
define postganglionic
distal to or beyond a ganglion
define posthypnotic
following hypnotism
define postmortem
pertaining to the period after death
define postprandial
following a meal
pre- =
before
define precancer
a lesion from which a malignant neoplasm is believed to develop in a significant number of instances
define precapillary
preceding a capillary
define preclinical
before the onset of disease
pro- =
before, forward
define proerythrocyte
the precursor of an erythrocyte
define proglossis
the anterior portion of the tongue
define prolapse
to slide forward
pros- =
before, forward
define prosodemic
a disease that is transmitted directly (forward) from person to person
define prosthesis
fabricated substitute for a diseased or missing part of the body, literally meaning to put before or forward”
quadri- =
4
define quadrant
one quarter of a circle
define quadriceps
having 4 heads
define quadrigeminal
having 4 folds
define quadriplegia
paralysis of 4 limbs
define quadruplet
1/4 children born at one birth
syn- =
with, together
define synarthrodial
denoting an articulation without a joint cavity
define synclonus
clinic spasm or tremor of several muscles
define syndactylyl
any degree of webbing or fusion of fingers or toes
re- =
back, behind
define relapse
literally “to slide back”, symptoms of a disease return when a patient has a relapse
tachy- =
fast
define tachycardia
fast/rapid heart beat
define tachypnea
fast/rapid breathing
tri- =
3
define tribrachia
3 arms, as seen with conjoined twins
define triceps
3 headed
define trifid
split into 3
define trigonal
triangular
define trimester
3 months
ultra- =
beyond
define ultrasonic
beyond 30,000 Hz
define ultrasonogram
image obtained by ultrasonography
uni- =
1
define unilateral
confined to one side only
define unilobar
having 1 lobe
define unilocular
having but one compartment or cavity
define unipolar
having 1 pole
define unibrow
1 eyebrow
