Chapter 53 Flashcards
What adds to populations?
Births and immigration
What patterns can populations fall into?
Stable, irregular fluctuation or rising and falling
What causes populations to decline?
Deaths and emigration
What is a population?
Single species together in an area
What is population densitu?
Number of counted organisms/area
What is dispersion?
Spacing
What is demography?
Vital statistics, death and birth rates
What is the mark recapture method?
A way to estimate how many organisms are in an area- tag sample, recapture 2nd sample. Number of marked gives you idea of how many in the population are in
What is clumped dispersion? When does this typically happen?
Patches of organisms, uneven distribution of resources and high priority for social interactions
What is uniform dispersion? When does this typically happen?
Even distribution, eg plants, animals repelling each other (territoriality)
What is random distribution?
Random spread
What are life tables?
Tables that look at groups of living organisms over their lives, measuring lifespan
What do type 1 organisms usually die from?
Old age
What do type 2 organisms usually die from?
Random causes
What do type 3 organisms usually die from?
most die young, but survive after a certain point
When does growth tend to be exponenetial?
Ideal conditions (ADD MORE?)
What is K/Carrying capacity? What does this depend on?
Maximum number of of individuals the environment can support, resources
dn/dt (or delta n/delta t) =
rN (intrinsic rate of increase times population size
How do the exponential curves appear as they near K/carrying capacity?
Growth declines, curve flattens
Do all species fit carrying capacity exponential curve?
No
What are life history traits?
Traits that affect the schedule of reproduction
What are some examples of life history traits?
Age at first reproduction, frequency of reproduciton, number of offspring
What is semelparity?
Only reproducing once in a lifetime
What is Iteroparity?
Reproducing more than once in a lifetime
