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343 Pharm Exam 6 > Chapter 52 : Pregancny And Preterm Labor > Flashcards

Chapter 52 : Pregancny And Preterm Labor Flashcards

1
Q

What are some changes in drug action during pregnancy?

A

Effect in steroid hormones on liver metabolism

Reduced GI motility

Increased renal perfusion

Drug dilution - blood volume increased

Alteration in drug clearance

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2
Q

What are some factors that alter drug half lives?

A

Pregnancy
Labor
Disease states

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3
Q

What is teratogens mean?

A

Substances that causes developmental abnormalities

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4
Q

Risk for birth defects after exposure to teratogens begins after ___of pregnancy

A

2 weeks

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5
Q

What are the two herbs used for pregnancy?

A

Iron
Folic acid

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6
Q

What is the adverse effects of iron?
Dont over think it

A

Nausea
Vomiting
Constipation
Diarrhea
Epigastric pain
Urine discoloration

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7
Q

We should warn patients who take iron to what?
Poop
Teeth

A

Dark tarry stools
Stains teeth

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8
Q

How is iron best absorbed?

A

With an addition of vitamin C
Like orange juice

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9
Q

To avoid staining the teeth with iron that’s taken orally/liquid
We should tell patients what?

A

Take it with a straw

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10
Q

Someone who is planning on getting pregnant what do they normally tell patients to take, how much and when ? (3)

A

Folic acid
400-800mcg/day
Starting 1 month before conception

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11
Q

What are some adverse reactions to folic acid?

Main one

A

Bronchospams!!
Flushing
Rash
Pruritus
Erythema
Malaise
Dark yellow urine

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12
Q

Folic acid helps decrease what?

A

Neural tube defects in the baby

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13
Q

Patients who take SSRI, TCAs,, so your antidepressants, what might we see in a newborn baby?

A

Low birth weight
Preterm
Neonatal irritability

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14
Q

What are some drugs that help decrease uterine muscle contractility

Usually those who have preterm labor?

A

Tocolytic therapy - calcium antagonist
- magnesium sulfate

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15
Q

What’s the action of magnesium sulfate?

A

Relaxed the smooth muscle of the uterus through calcium displacement

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16
Q

What are the benefits of magnesium sulfate in someone who is pregnant? (2)

A

Decrease blood pressure in preeclampsia

Reduces seizures

17
Q

What are your adverse reactions of mangesium sulfate? (5)
Major ones

A

Flushing
Hypotension
Depressed reflexes
Respiratory depression
Constipation

18
Q

What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate?

A

Calcium gluconate

19
Q

What is the normal level of magnesium sulfate?

A

4-7 mg/dl

20
Q

When a mom is getting magnesium sulfate, what should we do for the baby?

A

Assess 24-48 hours of magnesium side effects

21
Q

When a women is in preterm labor, not only is magnesium sulfate good to have to stop it, but if we can’t

What other drug what might we give?

A

Corticosteroids

22
Q

What is the 2 medication of corticosteroid for preterm labor?

A

Bethamethasone
Dexamethasone

23
Q

What is the function of bethamethasone and dexmethasone? (2) main two

A

Accelerated lung maturation and lung surfactant development in the fetus

Increases survival

Decreased respiratory distress syndrome

24
Q

What is the time frame we like to give steroids for preterm labor?

A

48 hours before delivery to help speed up lung development

25
Q

What are your side effects of betamethasone & dexamethasone?

A

Hyperglycemia
Swelling
Bruising

All the basic steroid symptoms

26
Q

How do we give steroids to pregnant preterm labor patients?

A

IM

So no need for food

27
Q

What is the first line therapy for mild preeclampsia?

What is acute onset, severe hypertension?

Severe preeclampsia?

A

Methyldopa
Hydralazine
Magnesium sulfate

28
Q

What is your meyhyldopa side effects? (3)

A

Peripheral edema
Anxiety
Nightmares

29
Q

What is your hydralazine side effects ? (3)

A

Nasal congestion
Angina
Tachycardia

30
Q

What is your magnesium sulfate side effects?

Same as before

A

Hypotension
DTR
respiratory depression
Heavy eyelids
Slurred speech

31
Q

Notes
Nursing responsibilities
Assess moms vital signs
Assess fetal heart rate
Monitor I & O
If mom if getting magesium sulfate, have suction equipment, assess for signs of magnesium toxicity

Left lateral position if possible for mom

A

343 Pharm Exam 6 (14 decks)

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