Chapter 37 : Biologic Response Modifers Flashcards
What is biologic response modifiers?
What is the action?(2)
Substance naturally produced by body and those developed in the lab
Killer cancer cells directly and indirectly
Of stimulate body immune system
What is the function of biologic response modifier? (4)
Stimulate immune system
Convert function of cancer cells
( act like normal cells )
Prevent growth of cancer
Enhance body ability to repair cells
What is interferons?
Alpha beta and gamma
Proteins naturally occurring in the body and produced in the lab
What is the action of interferons?
Slow growth of cancer
Cancer act normal
Stimulate WBC to fight cancef
What is type 1 interferon?
What is type 2 interferon?
Alpha and beta
Gamma
What is side effects of interferons? (6)
I N terferon
Neuropsychiatric ( mental status )
Ischemic disorder ( bleeding )
Autoimmune and infectious disorders
Fatigue
Anorexia
Hepatotoxity
What is colony stimulating factors?
What is it used for?
Proteins that regular growth, maturation and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
Neutropenia
Notes
Colony stimulating factors
Promote growth of blood cells depleted by chemotherapy
Decrease the length of post treatment neutropenia
Permit the delivery of high doses of chemotherapy
Reduce bone marrow recovery time after bone marrow transplantation
Enahance macrophage or granulocyte tumor, virus and fungus destroying ability
Prevent severe thrombocytopenia after myelosuppresive chemo
Remember how most chemo drugs are going to cause patients to have NADIR, that 7-10 days period in which their blood count is at its lowest
What do you think colony stimulating factor is going to do?
Decrease the length of time they are having that low blood count
And preventing thrombocytopenia
So we can give colony stimulating factors to help reduce the time a patient with NADIR, what might that also indicate to us that we can do?
Give them higher doses of chemo in order to try to fight it off since
Colony stimulatimg factor is helping prevent it
What is a colony stimulating factor medication?
Erythropoietin stimulating agents
What is the function of erythropoietin stimulating agent?
Stimulated RBC production in bone marrow
What is the side effect of erythropoietin stimulation agent? (3)
BIG THING TO NOTE OF BLACK BOX WARNING!(1)
Patients with HGB above 11, can cause death
Anaphylaxis
Hypertension
Injection site pain
Colony stimulating factors
2 big things to remember
Look at H&H before administration
And hgb above 11 don’t give
( not even if it’s 10.9 )
What is granulocyte colony stimulating factor medication?
Filgrastim- neupogen
Function of filgrastim-neupogen?
Stimulates production of neutrophils
What is the side effect of filgrastim (neupogen)? (5)
Think of the S in filgraStim
Splenomegaly
Splenic rupture
Pulmonary bleeding / alveolar hemorrhage
Cutaneous vaculitis ( rash on skin )
N/V/D
( nausea vomit diarrhea )
If the patient is having pain in the spleen where is it?
Upper left quadrant
Thy will feel pain here
Practice question 1
A patient is receiving cyclosporine after transplantation surgery. Which of the following items should be avoided?
A. Apple juice
B. Grape juice
C. Orange juice
D. Grapefruit juice
D. Grapefruit juice
Practice question 2
Which of the following are principles of Immunosuppression?
A. Monotherpay reduces risk of organ rejection
B. Multiple drug therapy reduces risk of drug toxicity
C. Drugs which increase T-cell response reduce rejection
D. Drugs that activate lymphocytes reduce risk of rejection
B. Multiple drug therapy reduces risk of drug toxicity
Practice question 3
A patient receiving an organ transplant was given basiliximab 2 h before surgical transplantation. When will the second dose be given?
A. Immediately after transplantation surgery
B. Two hours after transplantation surgery
C. Four days after transplantation surgery
D. Six weeks after transplantation surgery
C. Four days after transplantation surgery
Practice question 4
Patients receiving targeted therapy, imatinib mesylate, to treat cancer need to avoid which food?
A. chocolate
B. Grapefruit
C. Green tea
D. Aged cheese
B. Grapefruit
Practice question 5
The nurse identifies which statement about targeted therapy for cancer as being true?
A.They are more general in their mechanisms and effects than traditional cancer chemotherapy.
B.They exert their effects by damaging the DNA of nearly any cell.
C. They require a specific molecular target as the recipient of their effects.
D. They require fewer tests on cancer cells to determine if the therapy will be effective.
C. They require a specific molecular target as the recipient of their effects.
Practice question 6
Which nursing intervention is designed to treat the most common side effects of filgrastim?
A. Provide antihypertensives to lower blood pressure.
B.Provide bronchodilators to treat wheezing.
C. Provide antibiotics to treat secondary infections.
D.Provide antiemetic to relieve vomiting.
C. Provide antibiotics to treat secondary infections.
Practice question 7
When working with a patient receiving epoetin alpha, which of the following is most important development for the nurse to assess?
A. Bone pain and headaches
B. Hypertension and edema
C. Nausea and vomiting
D. Fluid retention and allergic reactions
B. Hypertension and edema
Practice question 8
Before administering epoetin alpha, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of which condition?
A. Anemia
B. Chronic renal failure
C. Pancreatitis
D. Hypertension
D. Hypertension
