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343 Pharm Exam 6 > Chapter 47 : Eye And Ear Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 47 : Eye And Ear Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is fluorsecin?

A

A diagnostic stain that is a bright yellowish orange dye that we use to stain the tears of the eye to look for any abnormalities

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2
Q

What else do we use to see the strain?

A

Black lamp

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3
Q

When patients have contacts, they should take it out, however how long should it be until they put it back in?

A

1 hour

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4
Q

Before we use the stain, we normally use what?

And why?

A

A topical anesthetic

Because the stain can sting the injury

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5
Q

Corneal anesthetia achieved within ___seconds and last only about ___

A

15 seconds

15mins

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6
Q

How do you know the topical anesthetic is working?

A

If the patient is not blinking

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7
Q

Anti-infectives

Conjunctivitis
Blepharitis
Chalazion
Endophthalmitis
Hordeolum
Infectious keratitis
Infectious uveitis

A
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8
Q

What are your antiinflammatories for your eyes medication? (3)

A

Cyclosporine
Ophthalmic NSAIDS
( diclofenac, ketorolac)
Corticosteroids (prednisolone)

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9
Q

Cyclosporine is your immune suppressant
- though it can be used for specific eye conditions

A
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10
Q

Why might we use anti-allergy medications?

What is the downside of this

A

Antihistamines - treat the allergy

burning and staining are common short lived side effects

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11
Q

What is the medication of ophthalmic decongestant? (3)

A

Phenylephrine
Naphazoline
Tetrahydrozoline

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12
Q

What is ophthalmic decongestant contraindication?

A

Glaucoma

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13
Q

Why is lubricants used for?

A

Dry eyes

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14
Q

What is your prostaglandin analogues used for?

A

Used for glaucoma and ocular hypertension

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15
Q

What is your medication names for prostaglandins analogues?

A

Bimatoprost
Latanoprost
Tafluprost
Travoprost

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16
Q

What is your biggest side effect to know about prostaglandin analogues?

A

Changes iris color

17
Q

What is cholinergic agents used for?

Medication?

A

Improve outflow of aqueous humor

Pilocarpine
Echothiophate

18
Q

What are your 2 big cholinergic agents side effects?

A

Retinal detachment
Cardiac irregularities

19
Q

What does beta blockers do for the eyes?

Side effects?

A

Reduce IOP by treating glaucoma

Eye discomfort, miosis, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, heart failure

20
Q

What’s something you wanna teach a patient about eye drops?

A

Block the lacrimal duct, tear duct, to side closest to their nose, when putting medications

And 1 min after the drop to help avoid systemic effects

21
Q

Alpha adrenergic blocks side effects? (2)

Contraindications?

A

Corneal erosion
Dysrthymia

MAOI

22
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors side effects? (3)

Mainly watch out with people with?

A

Hyperuricemia
Paresthesia
Decreased appetite

Gout & seizures

23
Q

What’s a baseline of glaucoma?

A

Baseline of vision

24
Q

Never stop taking your glaucoma meds suddenly why?

A

Because they can end up with an ocular hypertension rebound

25
Q

What are the 2 medications that will dilate pupils?

And why do we use these (2)

A

Mydriatics
Cycloplegics

Surgery & eye exams

26
Q

Mydriatics & Cycloplegics side effects? (5)

A

Photophobia
Constipation
IOP
Respiratory depression
Muscle rigidity

27
Q

What is your basic otitis media medications? (3)

A

Amoxicillin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

28
Q

What are your basic otitis externa (swimmer ear)?

A

Neomycin
Polymyxcin B
Fluroquinolones

Usually drops

29
Q

Otitis media
- take all the medications even if symptoms are gone
- weight and age of the child

A
30
Q

What’s your problem with otitis external side effects? (4)

A

Ototoxicity
Bone marrow suppression
Burning & stinging
Superinfection

31
Q

Odic drops are ?
Ophthalmic drops are ?

A

Ears
Eyes

32
Q

To make sure the ear drops stay in the ear what do we use?

A

Wick

33
Q

Normally with Otisis external
We like to do what?

Why?

A

Cultural

  • bacterial or fungal
34
Q

Practice question 1
The nurse is showing the parent of a 2-year old child how to administer ear drops. Which are the correct statements

Select all that apply

A. Pull down on auricle
B. Pull up on auricle
C. Position child head with affected ear up
D. Position child head with affected ear down
E. Warm the eardrop in the microwave prior to administration

A

A. Pull down on auricle

C. Position child head with affected ear up

35
Q

Practice question 2
Pilocarpine has which action on the eye?

A. Miosis
B. Mydriasis
C. Ciliary muscle paralysis
D. Pupillary dilation

A

A. Miosis

36
Q

Practice question 3
Which is the most common side effect / adverse reaction associated with prostaglandin analogues for the treatment of glaucoma ?

A. Hypokalemia
B. Renal calculi
C. Change color of iris
D. Postural hypotension

A

C. Change color of iris

343 Pharm Exam 6 (14 decks)

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