Chapter 52-High Risk Pregnancy

Question 1

severe generalized massive edema often seen with fetal hydrops

Answer 1

anascara

Question 2

lack of development of the caudal spine and cord (may occur in the fetus of a diabetic mother)

Answer 2

caudal regression syndrome

Question 3

occurs when the division of the egg occurs after 13 days

Answer 3

conjoined twins

Question 4

twins that arise from two separately fertilized ova

Answer 4

dizygotic

Question 5

coma and seizures in the second- and third-trimester patient secondary to pregnancy-induced hypertension

Answer 5

eclampsia

Question 6

fetal death that occurs after the fetus has reached a certain growth that is too large to resorb into the uterus

Answer 6

fetus papyraceous

Question 7

fluid occurs in at least two areas: pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, ascites, or skin edema

Answer 7

hydrops fetalis

Question 8

excessive vomiting that leads to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Answer 8

hyperemesis gravidarum

Question 9

an antigen present in the fetus; the maternal serum is tested between 15 and 22 weeks of gestation to detect abnormal levels; can also be tested directly from the amniotic fluid during amniocentesis

Answer 9

maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP)

Question 10

a blood test conducted during the second trimester (15 to 22 weeks) to identify pregnancies at a higher risk for chromosomal anomalies (trisomy 21 and trisomy 18) and neural tube defects

Answer 10

maternal serum quad screen

Question 11

twins that arise from a single fertilized egg that divides to produce two identical fetuses

Answer 11

monozygotic

Question 12

a group of conditions in which hydrops is present in the fetus but not a result of fetomaternal blood group incompatibility

Answer 12

nonimmune hydrops (NIH)

Question 13

too little amniotic fluid

Answer 13

oligohydramnios

Question 14

too much amniotic fluid

Answer 14

polyhydramnios

Question 15

complication of pregnancy characterized by increasing hypertension, proteinuria, and edema

Answer 15

preeclampsia

Question 16

elevation of maternal blood pressure that may put the fetus at risk

Answer 16

pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

Question 17

leaking or breaking of the amniotic membranes causing the loss of amniotic fluid, which may lead to premature delivery or infection

Answer 17

premature rupture of the membranes (PROM)

Question 18

system of antigens that may be found on the surface of red blood cells; when the Rh factor is present, the blood type is Rh positive; when the Rh antigen is absent, the blood type is Rh negative; a pregnant woman who is Rh negative may become sensitized by the blood of an Rh-positive fetus; in subsequent pregnancies, if the fetus is Rh positive, the Rh antibodies produced in maternal blood may cross the placenta and destroy fetal cells, causing erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 18

Rh blood group

Question 19

overlapping of the skull bones; occurs in fetal death

Answer 19

Spaulding’s sign

Question 20

inflammatory disease involving multiple organ systems; a fetus of a mother with SLE may develop heart block and pericardial effusion

Answer 20

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Question 21

monozygotic twin pregnancy with single placenta and arteriovenous shunt within the placenta; the donor twin becomes anemic and growth restricted with oligohydramnios; the recipient twin may develop hydrops and polyhydramnios

Answer 21

twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTS)