Chapter 5.1 Flashcards
What is a negative charge a property of?
Electrons
What is positive charge a property of?
Protons
What are the properties of electric charge?
Electrons are negatively charged, protons are positively charged
Electric charge is quantized
Charge is conserved
What does electric charge is quantized mean?
The amount of electric charge on a body is always an integral multiple of a basic unit, 1.6 x 10^(-19) C
Conductor
A material with many free electrons so electric current is created when exposed to an electric field
Insulator
A material that doesn’t have many free electrons so charge can’t move freely
Coloumb’s law equation
F = k(q1q2)/(r^2)
q1 = point charge one
q2 = point charge two
r = separation of the two chsrges
Electric permittivity of vacuum value
8.85 x 10^(-12)
Electric field
The space around a charge or an arrangement of charges
Electric field strength definition and formula
The electric force per unit charge experienced by a small positive point charge q
E = F/q
What is the direction of the force experienced by a positive charge in an electric field?
Same direction as the electric field
Electric current definition and formula
The rate of flow of charge through a conductor’s cross-section
I = change in charge over change in time
Alternate formula for current
I = nAvq
n = electrons per unit volume
A = cross sectional area of wire
v = drift speed of electrons
q = electron charge
Potential difference definition and formula
The work done per unit charge to move a point charge from one point to the other
V = W/q
What does the presence of a potential difference have to mean?
There has to be an electric field
