Chapter 5.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a negative charge a property of?

A

Electrons

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2
Q

What is positive charge a property of?

A

Protons

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3
Q

What are the properties of electric charge?

A

Electrons are negatively charged, protons are positively charged
Electric charge is quantized
Charge is conserved

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4
Q

What does electric charge is quantized mean?

A

The amount of electric charge on a body is always an integral multiple of a basic unit, 1.6 x 10^(-19) C

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5
Q

Conductor

A

A material with many free electrons so electric current is created when exposed to an electric field

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6
Q

Insulator

A

A material that doesn’t have many free electrons so charge can’t move freely

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7
Q

Coloumb’s law equation

A

F = k(q1q2)/(r^2)
q1 = point charge one
q2 = point charge two
r = separation of the two chsrges

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8
Q

Electric permittivity of vacuum value

A

8.85 x 10^(-12)

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9
Q

Electric field

A

The space around a charge or an arrangement of charges

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10
Q

Electric field strength definition and formula

A

The electric force per unit charge experienced by a small positive point charge q
E = F/q

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11
Q

What is the direction of the force experienced by a positive charge in an electric field?

A

Same direction as the electric field

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12
Q

Electric current definition and formula

A

The rate of flow of charge through a conductor’s cross-section
I = change in charge over change in time

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13
Q

Alternate formula for current

A

I = nAvq
n = electrons per unit volume
A = cross sectional area of wire
v = drift speed of electrons
q = electron charge

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14
Q

Potential difference definition and formula

A

The work done per unit charge to move a point charge from one point to the other
V = W/q

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15
Q

What does the presence of a potential difference have to mean?

A

There has to be an electric field

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16
Q

Electronvolt definition

A

The work done when a charge equal to one electron charge is taken across a potential difference of one volt